Organomodified silicone fuel additive, compositions, and methods of using the same
An organomodified silicone material is shown and described herein. The organomodified silicone provides a material that can be used as an additive in a fuel oil, e.g., diesel fuel. The organomodified silicone acts as both a defoamer and a dehazer in a fuel oil.
1. A fuel additive package comprising:
(A) 10-90% by weight of (i) at least one aromatic hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture having a boiling point or a predominant boiling range within the temperature range from 100° C. to 300° C., or (ii) at least one C 5 - to C 12 -alkyl nitrate, or (iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii);
(B) 0.1 to 5% by weight of an organomodified silicone; and
(C) 1 to 40% by weight of a detergent additive, where the sum of all components in the fuel additive package is 100%;
where the organomodified silicone (B) is the reaction product of (I) with (II) and optionally with (III) in addition to (II) where,
(I) is a silanic hydrogen containing compound having the formula M a M H b D c D H d T e T H f Q g where:
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2
D=R 6 R 7 SiO 2/2
D H =R 8 SiO 2/2
T=R 9 SiO 3/2
T H =HSiO 3/2
Q=SiO 4/2
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms;
the subscript a and b may be zero or positive subject to the limitation that when the subscript a is zero, b must be positive or when b is zero, a must be positive and (a+b)=2;
the subscript c has a value ranging from about 25 to about 400;
the subscript d has a value ranging from about 5 to about 75;
the subscript e is zero or positive and has a value ranging from about 0 to about 5 subject to limitation that (e+f)<5;
the subscript f is zero or positive and has a value ranging from about 0 to about 5 subject to limitation that (e+f)<5;
the subscript g is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 5;
(II) is an unsaturated compound comprising at least one terminal unsaturated group having the formula CH 2 ═C(R 10 )(R 11 ) h —O—(R 12 ) i (C 2 H 4 O) j (C 3 H 6 O) k (C 4 H 8 O) l R 13 where, R 10 is H or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 11 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbons atoms; R 12 is selected from the group of divalent radical consisting of —C 2 H 4 O—, —C 3 H 6 O—, and —C 4 H 8 O—; R 13 is H, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing) to 6 carbons, or acetyl; the subscript h is zero or one; the subscript i is zero or one; the subscript j is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0; the subscript k is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0; the subscript l is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 20 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0; and
optionally (III) an unsaturated compound comprising at least two unsaturated functional group having the formula CH 2 ═C(R 14 )—B—(R 15 )C═CH 2 , where, R 14 and R 15 are independently H or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
B is either E, F, or G
E is (R 11 ) h —O—(R 12 ) i (C 2 H 4 O) j (C 3 H 6 O) k (C 4 H 8 O) l —(R 12 )—O—(R 11 ) h
R 11 in E is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 12 is chosen from a divalent radical of —C 2 H 4 O—, —C 3 H 6 O—, or —C 4 H 8 O—;
the subscript h is zero or one;
the subscript i is zero or one;
the subscript j is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0;
the subscript k is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0;
the subscript l is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0;
F is a divalent hydrocarbon radical consisting of 1-60 carbons, which can be linear or branched; and
G is a silicon containing compound having a formula (R 16 )(R 17 )SiO—((R 18 )(R 19 )SiO)) m —SiO(R 20 )(R 21 ) where R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , and R 21 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms; and the subscript m is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 500.
2. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein in the organomodified silicone (B) R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 are independently selected from a monovalent radical containing 1-20 carbon atoms; c is 40 to about 200; d is 5 to about 60; e is 0 to about 10; f is 0 to about 10; j in (II) or (III) is 0 to about 40; k in (II) or (III) is 0 to about 40; l in (II) or (III) is 0 to 40; f is 1 to about 25; R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , and R 21 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 25 carbon atoms; and m is 0 to about 500.
3. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein in the organomodified silicone (B) in the silanic hydride (I), c is from about 50 to about 100, d is from about 5 to about 50, e is about 0 to about 1, and g is 0.
4. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein in the unsaturated compound (II), j is about 1 to about 20, k is about 1 to about 25, and l is 0.
5. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein R 1 -R 9 is methyl.
6. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein R 10 is methyl, R 11 and R 12 are methylene, and h is 1.
7. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of c to d in the silanic hydride (I) is from about 6:1 to about 1:6.
8. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of j to (j+k+l) in the unsaturated compound (II) is from 0.25 to 0.95; the ratio of k to (j+k+l) is 0.05 to 0.75; and the ratio of l to (j+k+l) is 0.05 to 0.75.
9. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein 1 is zero in the unsaturated compound (II), the ratio of j to (j+k) in the unsaturated compound (II) is from 0.25 to 0.95; and the ratio of k to (j+k) is 0.05 to 0.75.
10. The fuel additive package of claim 1 comprising from about 0.5 to about 2.5% by weight of the organomodified silicone (B).
11. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein (A) comprises the (i) at least one aromatic hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture having a boiling point or a predominant boiling range within the temperature range from 100° C. to 300° C.
12. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein (A) comprises the (ii) at least one C 5 - to C 12 -alkyl nitrate.
13. The fuel additive package of claim 1 , wherein (A) comprises (i) and (ii).
14. A composition comprising (a) a fuel oil, and (b) the fuel additive package of claim 1 .
15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein in the organomodified silicone (B) R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 are independently selected from a monovalent radical containing 1-20 carbon atoms; c is 0 to about 500; d is 0 to about 60; e is 0 to about 10; f is 0 to about 10; j in (II) or (III) is 0 to about 40; k in (II) or (III) is 0 to about 40; l in (II) or (III) is 0 to 40; F is 1 to about 25; R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , and R 21 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 25 carbon atoms; and m is 0 to about 500.
16. The composition of claim 14 , wherein in the organomodified silicone (B) in the silanic hydride (I), c is from about 40 to about 200, d is from about 5 to about 50, e is about 0 to about 1, and g is 0.
17. The composition of claim 14 , wherein in the unsaturated compound (II), j is about 1 to about 20, k is about 1 to about 25, and l is 0.
18. The composition of claim 14 , wherein R 1 -R 9 is methyl.
19. The composition of claim 14 , wherein R 10 is methyl, R 11 and R 12 are methylene, and h is 1.
20. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the ratio of c to d is from about 6:1 to about 1:6.
21. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the ratio of j to (j+k+l) in the unsaturated compound (II) is from 0.25 to 0.95; the ratio of k to (j+k+l) is 0.05 to 0.75; and the ratio of l to (j+k+l) is 0.05 to 0.75.
22. The composition of claim 14 , wherein l is zero in the unsaturated compound (II), the ratio of j to (j+k) in the unsaturated compound (II) is from 0.25 to 0.95; and the ratio of k to (j+k) is 0.05 to 0.75.
23. The composition of claim 14 wherein the fuel additive package comprises from about 0.5 to about 2.5% by weight of the organomodified silicone (B).
24. The composition of claim 14 , wherein (A) comprises the (i) at least one aromatic hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture having a boiling point or a predominant boiling range within the temperature range from 100° C. to 300° C.
25. The composition of claim 14 , wherein (A) comprises the (ii) at least one C 5 - to C 12 -alkyl nitrate.
26. The composition of claim 14 , wherein (A) comprises (i) and (ii).
27. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the fuel additive package is added in an amount of from about 50 ppm to about 3000 ppm by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
28. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the organomodified silicone (a) is present in an amount of 1 ppm to 20 ppm based on the weight of the composition.
29. A method of treating a fuel composition comprising adding the fuel additive package of claim 1 to a fuel oil, wherein the fuel additive package acts as both a defoamer and a dehazer in the fuel composition.
30. An organomodified silicone that is the reaction product of (I) with (II) and optionally with (III) in addition to (II) where,
(I) is a silanic hydrogen containing compound having the formula M a M H b D c D H d T e T H f Q g where:
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2
D=R 6 R 7 SiO 2/2
D H =R 8 HSiO 2/2
T=R 9 SiO 3/2
T H =HSiO 3/2
Q=SiO 4/2
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms;
the subscript a and b may be zero or positive subject to the limitation that when the subscript a is zero, b must be positive or when b is zero, a must be positive and (a+b)=2;
the subscript c has a value ranging from about 25 to about 400;
the subscript d has a value ranging from about 5 to about 75;
the subscript e is zero or positive and has a value ranging from about 0 to about 5 subject to limitation that (e+f)<5;
the subscript f is zero or positive and has a value ranging from about 0 to about 5 subject to limitation that (e+f)<5;
the subscript g is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 5;
(II) is an unsaturated compound comprising at least one terminal unsaturated group having the formula CH 2 ═C(R 10 )(R 11 ) h —O—(R 12 ) i (C 2 H 4 O) j (C 3 H 6 O) k (C 4 H 8 O) l R 13 where, R 10 is H or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 11 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbons atoms; R 12 is selected from the group of divalent radical consisting of —C 2 H 4 O—, —C 3 H 6 O—, and —C 4 H 8 O—; R 13 is H, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbons, or acetyl; the subscript h is zero or one; the subscript i is zero or one; the subscript j is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0; the subscript k is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0; the subscript l is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 20 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0; and
optionally (III) an unsaturated compound comprising at least two unsaturated functional group having the formula CH 2 ═C(R 14 )—B—(R 15 )C═CH 2 , where, R 14 and R 15 are independently H or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
B is either E, F, or G
E is (R 11 ) h —O—(R 12 ) i (C 2 H 4 O) j (C 3 H 6 O) k (C 4 H 8 O) l —(R 12 )—O—(R 11 ) h
R 11 in E is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 12 is chosen from a divalent radical of —C 2 H 4 O—, —C 3 H 6 O—, or —C 4 H 8 O—;
the subscript h is zero or one;
the subscript i is zero or one;
the subscript j is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0;
the subscript k is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0;
the subscript l is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 50 subject to the limitation that (j+k+l)>0;
F is a divalent hydrocarbon radical consisting of 1-60 carbons, which can be linear or branched; and
G is a silicon containing compound having a formula (R 16 )(R 17 )SiO—((R 18 )(R 19 )SiO)) m —SiO(R 20 )(R 21 ) where R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , and R 21 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 60 carbon atoms; and the subscript m is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to about 500.
31. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein in the organomodified silicone (B) R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 are independently selected from a monovalent radical containing 1-20 carbon atoms; c is 40 to about 200; d is 0 to about 60; e is 0 to about 5; f is 0 to about 5; j in (II) or (III) is 0 to about 40; k in (II) or (III) is 0 to about 40; l in (II) or (III) is 0 to 40; F is 1 to about 25; R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , and R 21 are each independently selected from the group of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 25 carbon atoms; and m is 0 to about 500.
32. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein in the organomodified silicone (B) in the silanic hydride (I), c is from about 50 to about 100, d is from about 5 to about 50, e is about 0 to about 1, and g is 0.
33. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein in the unsaturated compound (II), j is about 1 to about 20, k is about 1 to about 25, and l is 0.
34. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein R 1 -R 9 is methyl.
35. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein R 10 is methyl, R 11 and R 12 are methylene, and h is 1.
36. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein the ratio of c to d is from about 6:1 to about 1:6.
37. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein the ratio of j to (j+k+l) in the unsaturated compound (II) is from 0.25 to 0.95; the ratio of k to (j+k+l) is 0.05 to 0.75; and the ratio of l to (j+k+l) is 0.05 to 0.75.
38. The organomodified silicone of claim 30 , wherein l is zero in the unsaturated compound (II), the ratio of j to (j+k) in the unsaturated compound (II) is from 0.25 to 0.95; and the ratio of k to (j+k) is 0.05 to 0.75.
39. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is free of an organic dehazer.