Process and composition for dust control
Compositions for dust suppression, methods for forming the compositions, and methods for using the compositions are provided. In one embodiment, the composition includes a non-sulfonated lignin and an alkylene glycol alkyl ether solvent. The compositions may be applied to an exposed surface of a substrate.
1. A method for applying a composition, comprising:
providing a composition, comprising:
from 10 weight percent to 70 weight percent a non-sulfonated lignin selected from the group consisting of Kraft lignin, pyrolytic lignins, steam explosion lignin, organosolv lignins, soda-ash lignins, dilute acid lignin, biorefinery lignins, and combinations thereof; and
from 30 weight percent to 90 weight percent an alkylene glycol alkyl ether solvent, wherein the total amount of all components of the composition is 100 wt. % of the composition;
providing a substrate having an exposed surface; and
applying the composition to the exposed surface of the substrate.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a dust source selected from the group consisting of sand, oilfield proppants, coal, paving and road surfaces, stock piles, metal ore, metal dust, mining, excavation operations, quarries, rail car toppings, construction, material transported on conveyor belts, fertilizer, soil, harvested and non-harvested agricultural crops, fields, charcoal, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applying the composition comprises a spraying technique, a misting technique, a pouring technique, and combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
from 30 weight percent to 60 weight percent of the non-sulfonated lignin; and
from 40 weight percent to 70 weight percent of the alkylene glycol alkyl ether solvent.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the non-sulfonated lignin comprises Kraft lignin; and
the alkylene glycol alkyl ether solvent is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers and mixtures thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol propyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol pentyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether; ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol pentyl ether, ethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethylene glycol phenyl ether; triethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol ethyl ether, triethylene glycol propyl ether, triethylene glycol butyl ether, triethylene glycol pentyl ether, triethylene glycol hexyl ether, and triethylene glycol heptyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol propyl ether, propylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol pentyl ether; dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene glycol pentyl ether; tripropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol ethyl ether, tripropylene glycol propyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, and tripropylene glycol pentyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the composition comprises:
from 30 wt. % to 60 wt. % of Kraft lignin; and
from 40 wt. % to 70 wt. % alkylene glycol alkyl ether solvent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers and mixtures thereof, wherein the total amount of all components of the composition is 100 wt. % of the composition.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers and mixtures thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises an additional solvent, a surfactant, a polymer, a foaming/wetting agent, and combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising an additional solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide, diethylformamide, dipropylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane, dichloromethane, ethanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, acetonitrile, propylene carbonate, and combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 9 , further comprising a foaming/wetting agent selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and combinations thereof.