Mineral-filled polymer articles and methods of forming same
Mineral-filled polymer compositions and methods of forming such polymer compositions into a thermally stable article are provided. Methods of forming a polymeric article include providing a polymer composition comprising a crystallizable polymer, a mineral filler in an amount of more than about 15 wt-% based on the total weight of the polymer composition, and an impact modifier, wherein the polymer composition is at a temperature less than a crystallization temperature of the crystallizable polymer. The methods further include disposing the polymer composition in a mold, forming the polymer composition into an article within the mold, and releasing the article from the mold. The methods can include thermoforming the polymer composition in a mold, or injection molding the polymer composition in a molten form in a mold.
1. A method of forming a polymeric article, comprising:
providing a polymer composition comprising a crystallizable polymer, a mineral filler comprising talc in an amount of more than about 15 wt-% based on the total weight of the polymer composition, and an impact modifier, wherein the crystallizable polymer comprises non-nucleated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and the polymer composition is at a temperature less than a crystallization temperature of the crystallizable polymer;
extruding the polymer composition into an extruded sheet with the polymer composition in an amorphous state;
disposing the extruded sheet of polymer composition in the amorphous state in a mold, wherein the mold has a mold surface with at least a region of the mold surface heated to a temperature of between about 250° F. and about 400° F.;
thermoforming the extruded sheet of the polymer composition into a polymeric article within the mold;
retaining the polymeric article in the mold a sufficient time for the crystallizable polymer proximate the heated region of the mold surface to crystallize to a degree of crystallinity of at least about 25%; and
releasing the polymeric article from the mold,
wherein the crystallizable polymer proximate the heated region of the mold surface is capable of being crystallized to a degree of crystallinity of at least about 25% within 3 seconds.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sufficient time the polymeric article is retained in the mold is a time period of 5 seconds or less.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric article is selected from a group consisting of a bowl, a platter, a cup, or a lid.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystallizable polymer is about 50 wt-% to about 85 wt-% of the total weight of the polymer composition.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mineral filler is about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of the total weight of the polymer composition.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the impact modifier is selected from the group consisting of a copolymer of ethylene and methyl acrylate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acrylonitrile styrene acrylate, methacrylate-butadiene-styrene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, chlorinated polyethylene, a non-reactive modified polyolefin, cross-linked polyacrylate, and a combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the impact modifier comprises a copolymer of ethylene and methyl acrylate.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the impact modifier is about 0.5 wt-% to about 15 wt-% of the total weight of the polymer composition.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition further comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of a pigment, a colorant, or a combination thereof.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the polymer composition comprises:
about 65 wt-% of the crystallizable polymer based on the total weight of the polymer composition;
about 30 wt-% of the mineral filler based on the total weight of the polymer composition;
about 3 wt-% of the impact modifier based on the total weight of the polymer composition; and
about 2 wt-% of the additive based on the total weight of the polymer composition.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition comprises:
from about 50 wt-% to about 85 wt-% of the crystallizable polymer based on the total weight of the polymer composition;
from about 15 wt-% to about 50 wt-% of the mineral filler based on the total weight of the polymer composition; and
from about 0.5 wt-% to about 15 wt-% of the impact modifier based on the total weight of the polymer composition.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition comprises:
from about 60 wt-% to about 75 wt-% of the crystallizable polymer based on the total weight of the polymer composition;
from about 25 wt-% to about 30 wt-% of the mineral filler based on the total weight of the polymer composition; and
from about 3 wt-% to about 10 wt-% of the impact modifier based on the total weight of the polymer composition.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric article is thermally stable up to a temperature of at least about 450° F.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric article is a container and is thermally stable when the container at least partially contains an aqueous liquid and is placed in an environment at a temperature of about 525° F. for a duration of at least up to about 30 seconds.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the container is thermally stable when the container at least partially contains an aqueous liquid and is placed in an environment at a temperature of about 525° F. for a duration of at least up to about 6 minutes.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the container is thermally stable when the container at least partially contains an aqueous liquid and is in a convection oven at a temperature of about 525° F. for a duration of at least up to about 3 minutes with convection airflow.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric article is a container.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric article is a platter.