Multiband wireless power system

1. A module for relaying power wirelessly to an implanted device, comprising:

an external module;

a receiver configured to receive a first wireless power transmission at a first frequency;

a transmitter configured to transmit a second wireless power transmission at a second frequency different from the first frequency;

a frequency changer coupled to the receiver, the frequency changer configured to convert energy generated by the first wireless power transmission into energy for generating the second wireless power transmission; and

at least one from the group consisting of the receiver, transmitter, and frequency changer are disposed at least one from the group consisting of on the external module and in the external module.

2. The module of claim 1 , wherein each of the first frequency and second frequency belong to different frequency bands.

3. The module of claim 1 , wherein the first frequency is selected for wireless power transmission at a first distance and the second frequency is selected for wireless power transmission at a second distance shorter than the first distance.

4. The module of claim 1 , wherein the first frequency is selected for wireless power transmission through a first medium and the second frequency is selected for wireless power transmission through a second medium different than the first medium.

5. The module of claim 1 , further comprising a control circuit configured to determine a wireless power transmission efficiency of the receiver and to dynamically adjust the first frequency based on said determination.

6. The module of claim 5 , wherein the control circuit is configured to determine wireless power transmission efficiency based on a measured peak signal at the receiver.

7. The module of claim 1 , wherein the first frequency is more than twice as great as the second frequency.

8. The module of claim 1 , further comprising a battery electrically coupled to the receiver and a control circuit for determining whether to store energy generated by the first wireless power transmission in the battery, to relay the energy generated by the first wireless power transmission to the transmitter, or both.

9. A transcutaneous energy transfer system, comprising:

an implanted wireless power receiver;

a remote power source; and

a wireless power relay apparatus configured to relay power from the remote power source to the implanted wireless power receiver, the apparatus comprising:

a receiver configured to receive an incoming wireless power transmission at a first frequency;

a transmitter configured to transmit an outgoing wireless power transmission at a second frequency; and

a frequency changer in communication with the receiver, the frequency changer being configured to convert energy generated by the incoming wireless power transmission into energy for generating the outgoing wireless transmission.

10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the wireless power relay apparatus includes a plurality of apparatuses electromagnetically coupled to one another, wherein the wireless power transmitted by an upstream apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses is the wireless power received at a downstream one of the plurality of apparatuses, and wherein the implanted wireless power receiver is configured to receive the wireless power generated by a farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses further comprises an external battery electrically coupled to the receiver, the external battery being used to:

temporarily store charge when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses is electromagnetically coupled to a respective upstream apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses; and

generate power for driving the transmitter at the second frequency using the stored charge when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses is not electromagnetically coupled to a respective upstream apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses.

12. The system of claim 10 , further comprising an implanted battery electrically coupled to the implanted wireless power receiver, the implanted battery used to:

temporarily store charge when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses is operatively coupled to the implanted wireless power receiver; and

generate power when at least one from the group consisting of the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses is not operatively coupled to the implanted wireless power receiver and when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus of the plurality of apparatuses does not on its own generate power.