Multi-component fibers with improved inter-component adhesion
Nonwoven fabrics are provided that include at least a first nonwoven layer. The first nonwoven layer includes multi-component fibers densely arranged and compacted against one another. The multi-component fibers comprise at least a first component comprising a first polymeric material including a first polyolefin and a second component comprising a second polymeric material including a second polyolefin, in which the first polymeric material is different than the second polymeric material. The first polymeric material, the second polymeric material, or both include a compatibilizer comprising a copolymer having a comonomer content including (i) at least 10% by weight of the compatibilizer of a first monomer corresponding to the first polyolefin and (ii) at least 10% by weight of the compatibilizer of a second monomer corresponding to the second polyolefin.
1. A nonwoven fabric, comprising:
at least a first nonwoven layer comprising multi-component fibers densely arranged and compacted against one another to form a substantially smooth outer surface on at least a first side of the nonwoven fabric;
the multi-component fibers comprising at least a first component comprising a first polymeric material including a first polyolefin having from 50% to 100% by weight of ethylene monomer units and a first compatibilizer, and a second component comprising a second polymeric material including a second polyolefin; wherein the first polymeric material is different than the second polymeric material;
wherein the first compatibilizer consists of a copolymer having a comonomer, wherein the copolymer has a comonomer content including (i) amorphous ethylene regions in an amount from at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the first compatibilizer and (ii) crystalline polypropylene regions in an amount of at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the first compatibilizer.
2. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the multi-component fibers comprise a sheath/core configuration, a side-by-side configuration, a pie configuration, an islands-in-the-sea configuration, a multi-lobed configuration, or any combinations thereof.
3. The nonwoven fabric of claim 2 , wherein the multi-component fibers comprise bicomponent fibers having a sheath/core configuration.
4. The nonwoven fabric of claim 3 , wherein the first polymeric material defines the sheath component and has a first melting point, the second polymeric material defines the core component and has a second melting point, wherein the first melting point is lower than the second melting point.
5. The nonwoven fabric of claim 4 , wherein the second polymeric material comprises from about 50% to about 100% by weight of propylene monomer units.
6. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the first polymeric material includes the first compatibilizer in an amount from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of the first polymeric material.
7. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a comonomer content including (i) amorphous ethylene regions in an amount from at least 25% to about 75% by weight of the first compatibilizer of the first monomer corresponding to the first polyolefin and (ii) crystalline polypropylene regions in an amount of at least 25% to about 75% by weight of the first compatibilizer.
8. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the first compatibilizer is an olefinic random copolymer or an olefinic block copolymer.
9. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer is formed from a single-site catalyst.
10. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the multi-component fibers comprise meltspun fibers, staple fibers, or a combination thereof.
11. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein the nonwoven fabric comprises the first nonwoven layer and at least a second nonwoven layer; wherein the second nonwoven layer comprise a meltblown layer or a spunbond layer.
12. A method of forming a nonwoven fabric, comprising:
(i) forming or providing at least one nonwoven layer including a first nonwoven layer comprising multi-component fibers; the multi-component fibers comprising at least a first component comprising a first polymeric material including a first polyolefin having from 50% to 100% by weight of ethylene monomer units and a first compatibilizer, and a second component comprising a second polymeric material including a second polyolefin;
wherein the first polymeric material is different than the second polymeric material; and wherein the first compatibilizer consists of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer has a comonomer content including (i) amorphous ethylene regions in an amount from at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the first compatibilizer and (ii) crystalline polypropylene regions in an amount of at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the first compatibilizer; and
(ii) forming the nonwoven fabric comprising a step of calendaring the at least one nonwoven layer to compact the multi-component fibers against one another forming a substantially smooth outer surface in the form a microporous film that permits gas to pass therethrough while also serving as a barrier to bacteriological contamination.
13. A package, comprising:
a sealed or sealable container comprising an interior defined at least in part by a container-wall, wherein at least a portion of the sealed or sealable container comprises a breathable material through which a sterilizing gas can pass into and out of the interior of the sealed or sealable container, and wherein the breathable material comprises a nonwoven fabric including at least a first nonwoven layer comprising multi-component fibers densely arranged and compacted against one another to form a substantially smooth outer surface on at least a first side of the nonwoven fabric;
wherein the multi-component fibers comprise at least a first component comprising a first polymeric material including a first polyolefin having from 50% to 100% by weight of ethylene monomer units and a first compatibilizer, and a second component comprising a second polymeric material including a second polyolefin that is different than the first polymeric material;
wherein the first compatibilizer consists of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer has a comonomer content including (i) amorphous ethylene regions in an amount from at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the first compatibilizer and (ii) crystalline polypropylene regions in an amount of at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the first compatibilizer.
14. The package of claim 13 , further comprising a sealing film disposed on the container-wall, on a portion of the breathable material, or both; wherein the breathable material is sealed to the container wall via the sealing film.
15. The package of claim 14 , wherein the package comprises (i) a sealing film-to-container wall bond having a first bond strength and (ii) a sealing film-to-breathable material bond having a second bond strength; wherein the first bond strength is greater than the second bond strength; and wherein the package comprises (i) a flexible package and the breathable material defines a window portion of the flexible package or (ii) a rigid package and the breathable material defines a lid or flexible portion of the rigid package that can be peeled off.
16. A method of sterilizing a package, comprising:
(i) providing a package according to claim 13 ;
(ii) placing the package in an air chamber;
(iii) evacuating the air out of the air chamber and the package;
(iv) filling the air chamber and package with a sterilizing gas;
(v) allowing the sterilizing gas to remain within the air chamber and package for a predetermined period of time; and
(vi) evacuating the sterilizing gas.
17. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1 , wherein
(i) the second polymeric material comprises from about 50% to about 100% by weight of propylene monomer units and defines a core component of the multicomponent fibers, and wherein the second polymeric material includes a second compatibilizer consisting of a second comonomer content including amorphous ethylene regions in an amount from 10 to 25% by weight of the second compatibilizer, and
(ii) the first polymeric material defines a sheath component of the multicomponent fibers and the first compatibilizer consists of an EP-iPP diblock polymer having an ethylene content from 40 to 60% by weight of the EP-iPP diblock polymer.
18. The nonwoven fabric of claim 17 , wherein the first polymeric material has from 0.1 to 15% by weight of the first compatibilizer.
19. The nonwoven fabric of claim 17 , wherein the second polymeric material has from 0.1 to 15% by weight of the second compatibilizer.
20. A nonwoven fabric, comprising:
at least a first nonwoven layer comprising multi-component fibers densely arranged and compacted against one another to form a substantially smooth outer surface on at least a first side of the nonwoven fabric;
the multi-component fibers comprising at least a first component comprising a first polymeric material including a first polyolefin having from 50% to 100% by weight of ethylene monomer units, and a second component comprising a second polymeric material including a second polyolefin and a second compatibilizer; wherein the first polymeric material is different than the second polymeric material;
wherein the second compatibilizer consists of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer has a comonomer content including (i) amorphous ethylene regions in an amount from at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the second compatibilizer and (ii) crystalline polypropylene regions in an amount of at least 10% to about 90% by weight of the second compatibilizer.