Multi-stage capacitive sensor

1. A multi-stage capacitive sensor comprising:

a user-contact surface;

a first capacitive sensor positioned at or adjacent to the user-contact surface and which is arranged to act as a capacitive touch sensor for the user-contact surface;

a second capacitive sensor which is spaced apart from the first capacitive sensor in a direction away from the user-contact surface; and

a conductive member which is positioned between the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor, the conductive member being and spaced apart from the second capacitive sensor;

wherein, under an application of a force at the user-contact surface, a relative motion of the conductive member and the second capacitive sensor is effected such that a distance therebetween is altered to create a detectable change in a capacitance at the second capacitive sensor;

the multi-stage capacitive sensor further comprises a first circuit substrate to which the first capacitive sensor is mounted, and a second circuit substrate to which the second capacitive sensor is mounted;

the first capacitive sensor, the first circuit substrate, and the conductive member are rigidly mounted to the user-contact surface;

the second circuit substrate is a flexible circuit substrate coupled to the conductive member;

a rear deflection element is contactable with the second circuit substrate under the application of the force at the user-contact surface, such that the second capacitive sensor is deflected towards the conductive member; and

the rear deflection element has a curved surface protruding toward the second circuit substrate.

2. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein the conductive member is mounted directly to the first circuit substrate.

3. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 2 , wherein the conductive member is printed onto the first circuit substrate.

4. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein the conductive member is mounted to a mounting membrane which is attachable to the first circuit substrate.

5. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , further comprising an adhesive layer which mounts the first circuit substrate to the user-contact surface.

6. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second circuit substrate is mounted to the conductive member by an adhesive layer, and a cavity is formed between the conductive member and the second circuit substrate.

7. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein the conductive member is formed as a conductive mesh, a continuous conductive plate or coated with a dielectric layer.

8. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of first capacitive sensors is provided, and each of the plurality of first capacitive sensors is connected via a common electrical connection.

9. The multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of second capacitive sensors is provided, and each of the plurality of second capacitive sensors is connected via a common electrical connection.

10. A human-machine interface for multi-stage control of an electronic device, the human-machine interface comprising: a multi-stage capacitive sensor of claim 1 , wherein the user-contact surface is formed on a control panel of the electronic device.