System of injectable fully-monolithic wireless bio-sensing
View Patent ↗Systems are provided for a wireless system-on-chip (SoC) with integrated antenna, power harvesting, and biosensors. An illustrative SoC can have a dimension of 200 μm×200 μm×100 μm to allow painless injection. Such small device size is enabled by: a 13 μm×20 μm 1 nA current reference, optical clock recovery, low voltage inverting dc-dc to enable use of higher quantum efficiency diodes, on-chip resonant antenna, and an array-scanning reader.
1. A system-on-chip (SoC) comprising:
a receiving antenna for receiving a radio-frequency (“RF”) signal transmitted radio-frequency (“RF”) by a measurement reader;
a power supply subsystem comprising a first plurality of photodiodes, the first plurality of photodiodes configured to receive an optical signal and to output a first power signal to the power supply subsystem;
a clock recovery subsystem comprising a second plurality of photodiodes, the first plurality of photodiodes configured to receive the optical signal and to output a second power signal to the clock recovery subsystem; and
a sensor subsystem, the sensor subsystem configured to modulate a load across an impedance of the receiving antenna.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor subsystem includes an electrochemical sensor.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor subsystem includes a light sensor.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor subsystem includes a capacitance sensor.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SoC has a dimension equal to or less than 200 μm×200 μm×100 μm.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SoC is injected into a skin at a depth ranging from about 1 mm to about 4 mm.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the power supply include a charge pump.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SoC further comprising a current reference having a switched capacitor reference.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SoC further comprises a DC-to-DC voltage converter.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the power supply subsystem comprises a charge pump, and the first plurality of photodiodes comprises five photodiodes.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein each of the five photodiodes comprises a 44 micron by 44 micron photodiode.
12. The system of claim 10 , wherein each of the two photodiodes comprises a 44 micron by 44 micron photodiode.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the second plurality of photodiodes comprises two photodiodes.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the optical signal comprises a wavelength between 400 and 1100 nanometers.