Construction and operation of electric or hybrid aircraft

1. A power management system for a vehicle having one or more transducers, the one or more transducers being configured to propel the vehicle using energy from one battery and charge the one battery, the power management system comprising:

a first battery configured to power a first transducer to propel a housing, the first transducer being supported by the housing;

a second battery configured to power a second transducer to propel the housing, the second battery being different from the first battery, the second transducer being supported by the housing and configured to charge the second battery; and

electronic circuitry configured to:

cause the first battery to power the first transducer to propel the housing,

cause the second transducer to charge the second battery, and

cause the second battery to power the second transducer to propel the housing.

2. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the first transducer and the second transducer are the same transducer.

3. The power management system of claim 2 , wherein the first transducer comprises a rotor, a first set of windings, and a second set of windings, and the first set of windings is usable to drive the rotor from the first battery and the second set of windings is usable to charge the second battery.

4. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the first transducer and the second transducer are mechanically coupled to one another so that a first rotor of the first transducer and a second rotor of the second transducer are mechanically coupled.

5. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the first transducer and the second transducer are different transducers.

6. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to operate the first transducer and the second transducer in a plurality of modes, the plurality of modes comprising a first mode in which the first transducer is powered by the first battery and not the second battery.

7. The power management system of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of modes comprises one or more of:

a second mode in which the first transducer is powered by the first battery and the second battery,

a third mode in which the first transducer is powered by the second battery and not the first battery,

a fourth mode in which the first transducer is powered by the first battery and the second transducer is charging the second battery,

a fifth mode in which the first transducer is charging the first battery and the second transducer is powered by the second battery,

a sixth mode in which the first transducer is charging the first battery and the second battery is not charging or powering,

a seventh mode in which the second transducer is charging the second battery and the first battery is not charging or powering, or

an eighth mode in which the first transducer is charging the first battery and the second transducer is charging the second battery.

8. The power management system of claim 7 , further comprising a supercapacitor, wherein the plurality of modes comprises one or more of:

a ninth mode in which the first transducer or the second transducer is powered by the supercapacitor,

a tenth mode in which the first transducer or the second transducer is powered by the supercapacitor and the first battery or the second battery,

an eleventh mode in which the first transducer is powered by the first battery, the second transducer is powered by the second battery, and the first transducer or the second transducer is charging the supercapacitor,

an twelfth mode in which the first transducer or the second transducer is charging the supercapacitor, and

a thirteenth mode in which the first transducer or the second transducer is charging the supercapacitor and the first battery or the second battery.

9. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the second battery comprises battery cells that are lower energy density and higher power density than battery cells of the first battery.

10. The power management system of claim 1 , further comprising a supercapacitor.

11. The power management system of claim 10 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to cause the first battery and the supercapacitor to power the first transducer to propel the housing.

12. The power management system of claim 10 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to cause the first transducer to charge the first battery, the second battery, and the supercapacitor.

13. The power management system of claim 10 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to cause the supercapacitor to charge the first battery and the second battery.

14. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic circuitry comprises one or more controllers.

15. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to generate a drive signal and supply the drive signal to the first transducer to cause the first battery to power the first transducer to propel the housing.

16. A method of operating a power management system of a vehicle, the method comprising:

powering, by a first battery, a first transducer supported by a housing;

powering, by a second battery different from the first battery, a second transducer supported by the housing;

propelling, by said powering the first transducer, the housing;

propelling, by said powering the second transducer, the housing; and

charging the second battery with the second transducer while the first battery powers the first transducer.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the first transducer and the second transducer are the same transducer.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein:

the first transducer comprises a rotor, a first set of windings, and a second set of windings, and

said charging comprises charging, by the second set of windings, the second battery while the first battery drives the rotor via the first set of windings.

19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising mechanically coupling the first transducer to the second transducer so that a first rotor of the first transducer and a second rotor of the second transducer are mechanically coupled.

20. A power management system for a vehicle having an electric motor, the electric motor being configured to propel the vehicle using energy from one power source and charge the one power source, the power management system comprising:

a first power source configured to power an electric motor to propel a housing, the electric motor being supported by the housing;

a second power source configured to power the electric motor to propel the housing and, at least when the first power source is powering the electric motor to propel the housing, charge from the electric motor; and

electronic circuitry configured to:

cause the first power source to power the electric motor to propel the housing,

cause the electric motor to charge the second power source, and

cause the second power source to power the electric motor to propel the housing.

21. The power management system of claim 20 , wherein the electric motor comprises a rotor, a first set of windings, and a second set of windings, and the first set of windings is usable to drive the rotor from the first power source and the second set of windings is usable to charge the second power source from the rotor.

22. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to:

electrically connect the first battery to the first transducer to cause the first battery to power the first transducer to propel the housing, and

electrically connect the second battery to the second transducer to cause the second battery to power the second transducer to propel the housing.

23. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the housing is configured to fly, and the electronic circuitry is configured to:

cause the first battery to power the first transducer to propel the housing to fly, and

cause the second battery to power the second transducer to propel the housing to fly.

24. The power management system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to cause the first battery to power the first transducer to propel the housing while the second transducer charges the second battery.

25. The power management system of claim 24 , wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to cause the second battery to power the second transducer to propel the housing while the first transducer charges the first battery.

26. The power management system of claim 1 , further comprising the housing, the first transducer, and the second transducer, and wherein the housing is configured to fly.