Solvency for asphaltene deposit remediation or inhibition
Methods for estimating the solvency potential for various chemical additives used for asphaltene deposit remediation or inhibition have been developed. These methods can be used for remediating or inhibiting asphaltene deposition in various applications including upstream production (e.g., near-wellbore, downhole, flow-lines, separators), midstream processes (e.g., pipe lines, transport, and storage), and downstream (e.g., hydrocarbon refining).
1. A method for determining a stability of an asphaltene dispersion, the method comprising
dissolving a measured amount of a solid asphaltene-containing deposit in a first solvent to form an asphaltene sample,
contacting a first measured amount of the asphaltene sample with a first measured amount of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a first test sample;
collecting a second measured amount of the asphaltene sample and optionally contacting it with a second measured amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a second test sample;
adding a first measured amount of an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to the first test sample until an asphaltene flocculant forms;
adding a second measured amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to the second test sample until an asphaltene flocculant forms;
calculating a solvency factor, an asphaltene factor, and a solubility value from the first and second measured amounts of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and the first and second measured amounts of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent; and
repeating the steps herein upon adding a solvating agent to the first and second test samples and comparing the solubility value of the samples with the solvating agent to the solubility value of the test samples without the solvating agent.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein when the first or second asphaltene flocculant does not form, a concentration of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit in the first and second test samples is altered thereby allowing a first and second asphaltene flocculant to form.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent comprises a mixture of an aliphatic solvent and an aromatic solvent.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the aliphatic solvent in the first solvent comprises n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, iso-octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, or a combination thereof.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the aromatic solvent in the first solvent comprises toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic distillates, methyl naphthalene, or a combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the first solvent comprises n-hexane and toluene.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit is from about 0.5 wt. % to about 15 wt. % in the amphiphilic solvent, based on the total weight of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit and the amphiphilic solvent.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the ratio of the concentrations of the asphaltene sample to the aromatic solvent is from about 20:1 to about 1:1.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the second test sample comprises the second measured amount of the asphaltene sample and a second measured amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.
10. A method for determining an asphaltene concentration per unit volume of fluid, the method comprising
contacting a first measured amount of a solid asphaltene-containing deposit with a first measured amount of a solvating agent and a first measured amount of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a first test sample of a specific volume;
contacting a second measured amount of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit with a second measured amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a second test sample;
allowing the solid asphaltene-containing deposit to dissolve in the solvating agent and aromatic hydrocarbon solvent or in the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a solution in each of the first and the second test samples;
measure the transmission of the first and the second test samples using a near infrared (NIR) probe; and
compare the NIR spectra of the first test sample to the second test sample wherein a lower transmission of NIR light indicates a higher mass of asphaltene-containing deposit in the sample.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprises toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic distillates, methyl naphthalene, or a combination thereof and the ratio of the concentration of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit to the solvating agent is from about 1:4 to about 4:1.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising comparing the solubility value of different solvating agents.
13. The method of claim 10 , further comprising comparing the mass of asphaltene-containing deposit in the sample comprising different solvating agents.
14. A method for comparing the solubility value of different solvating agents and the dispersion ability of different solvating agents, the method comprising
(a) dissolving a measured amount of a solid asphaltene-containing deposit in a first solvent to form an asphaltene sample,
contacting a first measured amount of the asphaltene sample with a first measured amount of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a first test sample;
collecting a second measured amount of the asphaltene sample and optionally contacting it with a second measured amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a second test sample;
adding a first measured amount of an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to the first test sample until an asphaltene flocculant forms;
adding a second measured amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to the second test sample until an asphaltene flocculant forms;
calculating a solvency factor, an asphaltene factor, and a solubility value from the first and second measured amounts of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and the first and second measured amounts of the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent; and
repeating the steps herein upon adding a solvating agent to the first and second test samples and comparing the solubility value of the samples with the solvating agent to the solubility value of the test samples without the solvating agent; and
comparing the solubility values of different solvating agents; and
(b) contacting a first measured amount of a solid asphaltene-containing deposit with a first measured amount of a solvating agent and a first measured amount of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a first test sample of a specific volume;
contacting a second measured amount of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit with a second measured amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a second test sample;
allowing the solid asphaltene-containing deposit to dissolve in the solvating agent and aromatic hydrocarbon solvent or in the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a solution in each of the first and the second test samples;
measure the transmission of the first and the second test samples using a near infrared (NIR) probe; and
compare the NIR spectra of the first test sample to the second test sample wherein a lower transmission of NIR light indicates a higher mass of asphaltene-containing deposit in the sample; and
comparing the mass of asphaltene-containing deposit in the sample comprising different solvating agents.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein when the first or second asphaltene flocculant does not form, a concentration of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit in the first and second test samples is altered thereby allowing a first and second asphaltene flocculant to form.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the first solvent comprises a mixture of an aliphatic solvent and an aromatic solvent.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the aliphatic solvent in the first solvent comprises n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, iso-octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, or a combination thereof.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the aromatic solvent in the first solvent comprises toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic distillates, methyl naphthalene, or a combination thereof.
19. The method of claim 16 wherein the first solvent comprises n-hexane and toluene.
20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprises toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic distillates, methyl naphthalene, or a combination thereof and the ratio of the concentration of the solid asphaltene-containing deposit to the solvating agent is from about 1:4 to about 4:1.