Vacuum pump with noise attenuating passage
A vacuum roots blower includes a rotor capable of being rotated to capture a gas from an inlet and further rotated to discharge the captured gas from an outlet. The captured gas is held within a pocket formed between lobes of the rotor and the adjacent housing within which the rotor is rotated. The vacuum roots blower includes a pressure relief system capable of delivering a pressure relief gas to the pocket. The pressure relief system includes a sonic passage structured to produce a choked flow condition as the pressure relief system fills the pocket with pressure relief gas. In one form the pressure relief gas can be a cooling gas, but other forms such as ambient air are also contemplated.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a vacuum pump housing having an inlet structured to receive an incoming flow of a compressible fluid, an outlet structured to receive an outgoing flow of a compressible fluid, and a pressure relief passage having a pressure relief inlet located intermediate the inlet and outlet which is structured to provide an incoming flow of pressure relief fluid; and
a pair of intermeshed rotating members supported for complementary rotation within the vacuum pump housing, the rotating members and vacuum pump housing forming respective operating volumes there between which rotates with the rotating member and in which the operating volume is variable with rotation of the rotating member, each of the respective operating volumes having the following regions: (1) open to inlet/closed to pressure relief passage/closed to outlet; (2) closed to inlet/open to pressure relief inlet/closed to outlet; and (3) closed to inlet/closed to pressure relief passage/open to outlet;
wherein the pressure relief passage includes a restriction in which the cross sectional area is sized to produce a sonic condition resulting in a choked flow condition of the restriction during at least a portion of when each of the respective operating volumes is in region (2).
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pressure relief inlet is structured as an elongated entry to the respective volumes.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the restriction is a throat of a convergent-divergent valve.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the pressure relief passage flows through a valve with variable throat area, and wherein the pressure relief inlet is positioned between 80 degrees and 140 degrees from a 12 o'clock position.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein region (2) occurs over an arc length of rotation of one of the intermeshed rotating members of at least 35 degrees.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein region (2) occurs over an arc length of rotation of one of the intermeshed rotating members of at least 60 degrees, and wherein the restriction is the variable throat area.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the operating volume is at a pressure less than a static pressure in the outlet as the operating volume first transitions from region (2) to region (3), and wherein a flow path through the pressure relief passage to the pressure relief inlet is free of a passive sound attenuating structure.
8. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the vacuum pump housing further includes a cooling air inlet disposed between the pressure relief passage and the outlet, and wherein the pressure relief passage can be routed from a cooling air duct which feeds cooling air to the cooling air inlet.
9. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the pressure relief passage includes an end in fluid communication with ambient air such that the pressure relief passage is structured to convey ambient air, and wherein the vacuum pump housing is free of sound attenuating devices.
10. An apparatus comprising:
a roots vacuum pump having a pair of counter rotational rotors structured to be cooperatively engaged and interengagingly rotated to pull a vacuum, each of the pair of counter rotational rotors having a plurality of respective lobes;
an inlet structured to provide a compressible fluid to the intake side of the roots vacuum pump;
an outlet positioned opposite the inlet and structured to flow the compressible fluid; and
a pair of pressure relief passages having respective openings into the roots vacuum pump and which are disposed on opposing sides of the roots vacuum pump and structured to provide a pressure relief fluid;
wherein each of the pair of counter rotational rotors includes a pressure relief rotatable position in which adjacent lobes form a volume which is in fluid communication with a respective one of the pair of pressure relief passages and in which the adjacent lobes discourage fluid communication from either of the inlet and the outlet, each of the pair of pressure relief passages including a restriction sized to form a shock wave during operation of the roots vacuum pump when pressure relief fluid is flowed toward the respective volumes.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the pressure relief passage includes a convergent-divergent passage having a throat, the throat forming the restriction.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the pressure relief passage is in the form of an elongate opening in the roots vacuum pump, the elongate opening in fluid communication with the volume when each of the pair of counter rotational rotors are in the pressure relief rotatable position.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the restriction is a variable area restriction.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the volume is formed over an angular range of motion of the adjacent lobes of at least 45 degrees, wherein the pressure relief passages are free from passive sound attenuating structures, and wherein the roots vacuum pump is coupled with a control system that can automatically adjust the variable area restriction.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the pressure relief rotatable position of the adjacent lobes form the volume open to the pressure relief passage when a trailing lobe of the adjacent lobes traverses an angle between 5 and 15 degrees after the inlet is closed.
16. The apparatus of claim 12 , which further includes a cooling gas inlet structured to provide cooling gas and positioned intermediate the outlet and the pressure relief passages, and wherein the respective openings permit fluid to enter the roots vacuum pump over an angular range of motion of the pair of counter rotational rotors, and wherein the angular range of motion is at an arc position which discourages fluid from entering via the cooling gas inlet.
17. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the pressure relief passage includes an opening to ambient such that ambient air is used as a pressure relief fluid that flows into the respective volumes when each of the pair of counter rotational rotors are in the pressure relief rotatable position.
18. A method comprising:
rotating a first rotor of a pair of intermeshed first and second rotors associated with a vacuum roots blower, the vacuum roots blower having an inlet and an outlet;
flowing a pressure relief fluid into a volume created between adjacent lobes of the first rotor when the first rotor passes an opening from a pressure relief passage, the inlet and the outlet blocked by the adjacent lobes when the pressure relief fluid is flowed into the volume;
forming a shock wave in a restriction formed in the pressure relief passage; and
ceasing a flow of pressure relief fluid once the first rotor has traversed at least 45 degrees after the beginning of the flowing a pressure relief fluid.
19. The method of claim 18 , which further includes varying the cross sectional area of the restriction during the flowing.
20. The method of claim 19 , which further includes flowing a fluid within the pressure relief passage direct to the opening without forming a sound attenuating chamber volume larger in cross sectional area than the pressure relief passage.