Pump apparatus having axially moving shaft bearing disposed adjacent a pressure relief passage to facilitate a pressure relief function of same
A pump apparatus includes a housing, a shaft, a rotor, a plurality of vanes, a pressure relief passage, and a bearing. The housing includes suction ports and discharge ports. The rotor and the vanes transport hydraulic oil to the discharge ports. The hydraulic oil is sucked from the suction ports. The pressure relief passage is defined in a portion of the housing facing an outer peripheral surface of the shaft. The pressure relief passage brings the discharge ports into communication with a low pressure region where the hydraulic oil is low in pressure. When a pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge ports is lower than a first predetermined pressure, the bearing keeps the pressure relief passage out of communication with a passage. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge ports has increased to reach or exceed the first predetermined pressure, the bearing brings the pressure relief passage into communication with the passage.
1. A pump apparatus comprising:
a housing including a suction port and a discharge port;
a shaft rotatably supported in the housing;
a rotator disposed in the housing, the rotator being configured to rotate in accordance with rotation of the shaft so as to transfer hydraulic oil to the discharge port, the hydraulic oil being sucked from the suction port;
a pressure relief passage defined in a portion of the housing facing an outer peripheral surface of the shaft, the pressure relief passage allowing fluid communication of the discharge port with a low pressure region where the hydraulic oil is low in pressure; and
a bearing disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and positioned at least partially in the pressure relief passage and configured for axial movement along the shaft in the pressure relief passage, the bearing supporting the shaft such that the shaft is rotatable relative to the housing, wherein
the housing includes a shaft insertion hole,
when a pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge port is lower than a first predetermined pressure while the shaft is rotating, the bearing does not axially move relative to the housing to keep the pressure relief passage out of communication with an adjacent hydraulic oil passage, and
when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge port has increased to reach or exceed the first predetermined pressure, the hydraulic oil adjacent to a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the shaft insertion hole applies a pressure to a first end face of the bearing so that the bearing axially moves relative to the housing until a second end face of the bearing abuts a stopper surface provided in the shaft insertion hole so that the pressure relief passage is in fluid communication with the adjacent hydraulic oil passage.
2. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the pressure relief passage is defined in a portion of the housing adjacent to an inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole, and
the bearing abuts the inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole.
3. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge port has increased to reach or exceed the first predetermined pressure, the hydraulic oil in the discharge port flows into the pressure relief passage along a lateral surface of the rotator.
4. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge port has increased to reach or exceed the first predetermined pressure, the bearing axially moves by a distance so as to bring the pressure relief passage into communication with the adjacent hydraulic oil passage, and
the distance is set such that the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge port falls between the first predetermined pressure and a second predetermined pressure lower than the first predetermined pressure.
5. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the low pressure region is an atmospheric pressure space outside the pump apparatus.
6. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein
the low pressure region is a space in communication with the suction port in the pump apparatus.
7. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a cam ring non-rotatably secured to an inner portion of the housing, the cam ring including an inner peripheral surface defining a cam surface, wherein
the rotator includes
a rotor rotatably disposed radially inward of the cam ring, the rotor including housing grooves and back pressure chambers, the housing grooves extending radially inward from an outer peripheral surface of the rotor, the back pressure chambers each being defined in a radially inward end of an associated one of the housing grooves, the back pressure chambers being in communication with the discharge port, and
vanes each slidably housed in an associated one of the housing grooves, the vanes dividing a circumferential space between the cam surface and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor into pump chambers, and
when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the discharge port has increased to reach or exceed the first predetermined pressure, the bearing axially moves so as to bring the pressure relief passage into communication with the adjacent hydraulic oil passage such that the hydraulic oil stored in the back pressure chambers flows into the pressure relief passage along a lateral surface of the rotor.
8. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the bearing abuts an inner peripheral surface of the shaft insertion hole.
9. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the stopper surface is a bottom surface of the shaft insertion hole.
10. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the stopper surface is a surface of a stopper secured to an outer end face of the shaft insertion hole.
11. The pump apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the bearing is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.