Polyimide and polyetherimide from metal containing oligomers

1. A polyimide oligomer of the formula

wherein

G is a group having a valence of t,

each Q is independently the same or different, and is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent C 1-60 hydrocarbon group, —O—, —C(O)O—, —OC(O)O—, —S—, —S(O 3 )—, —OS(O) 3 —, or —OP(O) 3 —,

each M is independently the same or different, and is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent C 1-60 hydrocarbon group, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —OC(O)O—, —NHC(O), —(O)CNH—, —S—, —S(O)—, or —S(O) 2 —,

D is a phenylene,

each V is independently the same or different, and is a tetravalent C 4-40 hydrocarbon group,

each R is independently the same or different, and is a C 1-30 divalent bridging group, a C 1-20 alkylene-X, or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —O-M′, —C(O)O-M′, —OC(O)O-M′, —S-M′, —S(O) 2 -M′, —S(O) 3 -M′, —OS(O) 3 -M′, or —OP(O) 3 -M′, and wherein each M′ is independently Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, or Sb, provided that at least one R is C 1-20 alkylene-X or C 6-30 arylene-X,

q is 0 or 1, m is 0 or 1, d is 0 or 1, p is 1 or 2, t is 1 to 6, and each n is independently the same or different, and is 1 to 1,000, provided that the total of all values of n is greater than 4, and

wherein the polyimide oligomer is a thermoplastic.

2. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein

t is 1, G is Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn, Q is —O—, —C(O)O—, —OC(O)O—, —S—, —S(O 3 )—, —OS(O) 3 —, or —OP(O) 3 —, and at least one R is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —O-M′, —C(O)O-M′, —OC(O)O-M′, —S-M′, —S(O) 2 -M′, —S(O) 3 -M′, —OS(O) 3 -M′, or —OP(O) 3 -M′, and wherein each M′ is independently Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn; or

t is 2, G is Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn, Q is —O—, —C(O)O—, —OC(O)O—, —S—, —S(O 3 )—, —OS(O) 3 —, or —OP(O) 3 —, and at least one R is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —O-M′, —C(O)O-M′, —OC(O)O-M′, —S-M′, —S(O) 2 -M′, —S(O) 3 -M′, —OS(O) 3 -M′, or —OP(O) 3 -M′, and wherein M′ is Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn; or

t is 2, G is —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —(O)CO—, —NHC(O), —(O)CNH—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O) 2 —, or —P(R a )(O)— wherein R a is a C 1-8 alkyl or C 6-12 aryl, and at least one R is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —O-M′, —C(O)O-M′, —OC(O)O-M′, —S-M′, —S(O) 2 -M′, —S(O) 3 -M′, —OS(O) 3 -M′, or —OP(O) 3 -M′, and wherein M′ is Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn; or

t is greater than 2, G is Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Ti, Zr, Ge, Sn, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-60 hydrocarbon group having a valence of t, G is present in an amount of 0.01 to 20 mol %, and at least one R is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —O-M′, —C(O)O-M′, —OC(O)O-M′, —S-M′, —S(O) 2 -M′, —S(O) 3 -M′, —OS(O) 3 -M′, or —OP(O) 3 -M′, and wherein each M′ is independently Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn.

3. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the C 1-30 divalent bridging group of R is the same or different C 6-20 organic bridging group or a halogenated derivative thereof, a straight or branched chain C 2-20 alkylene group or a halogenated derivative thereof, or a C 3-8 cycloalkylene group or halogenated derivative thereof.

4. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein m is 0, t is 2, Q is —C(O)O— or —S(O 3 )—, and G is Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn.

5. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein m is 0, t is 2, Q is —C(O)O— or —S(O 3 )—, G is Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn, and at least one R is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —C(O)O-M′ or —S(O) 3 -M′, and wherein each M′ is independently Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn.

6. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein m is 0, t is 1, Q is —C(O)O— or —S(O 3 )—, and at least one R is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —C(O)O-M′ or —S(O) 3 -M′, and wherein each M′ is independently Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn.

7. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein G is —O—, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-20 alkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-8 cycloalkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6-20 arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-12 heteroarylene.

8. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein q is 1, Q is a C 6-20 arylene, m is 1, and M is —O—.

9. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein V is a group of the formula

wherein W is —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —SO 2 —, —SO—, —P(R a )(═)— wherein R a is a C 1-8 alkyl or C 6-12 aryl, —C y H 2y — wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5 or a halogenated derivative thereof, or a group of the formula —O—Z—O— wherein Z is an aromatic C 6-24 monocyclic or polycyclic moiety optionally substituted with 1 to 6 C 1-8 alkyl groups, 1 to 8 halogen atoms, or a combination thereof, provided that the valence of Z is not exceeded.

10. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the polyimide oligomer is a polyetherimide oligomer of the formula

wherein each Z is independently an aromatic C 6-24 monocyclic or polycyclic moiety optionally substituted with 1 to 6 C 1-8 alkyl groups, 1 to 8 halogen atoms, or a combination thereof, provided that the valence of Z is not exceeded.

11. The polyimide oligomer of claim 10 , wherein Z is a divalent group of the formula

wherein

J is —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —SO 2 —, —SO—, or —C y H 2y — wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5 or a halogenated derivative thereof; and

each R is the same or different, and is m-phenylene or p-phenylene, bis(4,4′-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,4′-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,3′-phenylene)sulfone, a C 1-20 alkylene-X, or a C 6-30 arylene-X wherein —X is —O-M′, —C(O)O-M′, —OC(O)O-M′, —S-M′, —S(O) 2 -M′, —S(O) 3 -M′, —OS(O) 3 -M′, or —OP(O) 3 -M′, wherein each M′ is independently Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn, and at least one R is C 1-20 alkylene-X or C 6-30 arylene-X.

12. The polyimide oligomer of claim 11 , wherein J is isopropylidene, at least one R is m-phenylene, and at least one R is phenylene-X wherein —X is —S(O) 3 -M′ and each M is independently Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Zn.

13. The polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , having one or more of:

a T g greater than 160° C., or

a thermal decomposition temperature of greater than 450° C., as determined at a 5% weight loss by thermogravimetric analysis; or

a polydispersity of 1.5 to 3, as determined by size exclusion chromatography multi-angle light scattering.

14. A method for the manufacture of the polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , the method comprising reacting

a diamine of the formula

H 2 N—R 1 —NH 2

with a dianhydride of the formula

and optionally a polyamine of the formula

in a solvent and under conditions effective to provide an anhydride-capped oligomer; and

reacting the anhydride-capped oligomer with a metalated amino compound of the formula

HN—R 2

under conditions effective to provide the polyimide oligomer, wherein R 1 is a C 1-30 divalent bridging group, R 2 is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X.

15. A method for the manufacture of the polyimide oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the polyimide oligomer is a polyetherimide oligomer, the method comprising:

reacting

a diamine of the formula

H 2 N—R 1 —NH 2

with an anhydride of the formula

and optionally a polyamine of the formula

wherein X is a nitro group or halogen, to provide intermediate bis(phthalimide)s of the formulas

and optionally

reacting the bis(phthalimide)s with an alkali metal salt of a dihydroxy aromatic compound of the formula

AMO—Z—OAM

wherein AM is an alkali metal, to provide an anhydride-capped oligomer; and

reacting the anhydride-capped oligomer with a metalated amino compound of the formula

H 2 N—R 2

under conditions effective to provide the polyetherimide oligomer, wherein R 1 is a C 1-20 divalent hydrocarbon group, R 2 is a C 1-20 alkylene-X or a C 6-30 arylene-X.

16. A polymer composition comprising:

the polyimide oligomer of claim 1 ; and

a second polymer different from the polyimide oligomer.

17. The polymer composition of claim 16 , wherein the second polymer is a polyacetal, poly(C 1-6 alkyl)acrylate, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyamideimide, polyanhydride, polyarylene ether, polyarylene ether ketone, polyarylene ketone, polyarylene sulfide, polyarylene sulfone, polybenzothiazole, polybenzoxazole, polybenzimidazole, polycarbonate, polyester, polyetherimide, polyimide, poly(C 1-6 alkyl)methacrylate, polymethacrylamide, cyclic olefin polymer, polyolefin, polyoxadiazole, polyoxymethylene, polyphthalide, polysilazane, polysiloxane, polystyrene, polysulfide, polysulfonamide, polysulfonate, polythioester, polytriazine, polyurea, polyurethane, vinyl polymer, or a combination thereof.

18. An article comprising the polyimide oligomer of claim 1 .

19. The article of claim 18 , wherein the article is a film, a foam, a membrane, a conducting part, a fiber, a lens, a varnish, or a composite.

20. A method for manufacturing the article of claim 18 , wherein the method comprises melt processing, solvent casting, additive manufacturing, or a combination thereof.