Determining driver engagement with autonomous vehicle

1. A method comprising:

receiving, by a processor, a signal indicating a present state of a driver associated with a vehicle, wherein the vehicle has an autonomous system (AV) for autonomous operation;

receiving, by the processor, a signal indicating a past state of the driver;

scoring, by the processor, effectiveness of the driver based at least in part on the received signals;

determining, by the processor, a target level of engagement of the driver with the AV system based on the driver effectiveness score;

determining, by the processor, whether a present driver engagement level meets the target engagement level;

in response to a determination that the present driver engagement level meets the target engagement level, at least one of (i) outputting a recommendation to the driver to disengage the AV system and (ii) automatically disengaging the AV system; and

in response to a determination that the present driver engagement level is less than the target engagement level, at least one of (i) outputting a recommendation to the driver to engage the AV system and (ii) automatically engaging the AV system.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target level of engagement defines whether to recommend that the driver operate the vehicle in a non-autonomous mode.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

receiving, by the processor, a policy, wherein the determination of the target level of engagement is further based on the policy.

4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:

at least one of (i) providing, by the processor, a recommendation to the driver and (ii) changing, by the processor, a mode of operation of the AV system, based on a determination, by the processor, that the policy has been violated.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determination of the target level of engagement is further based on an attentiveness level of the driver sufficient to maintain an experience rating.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determination of the target level of engagement is further based on an attentiveness level of the driver sufficient to operate the vehicle in an autonomous mode.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, by the processor, whether to recommend coaching for the driver based on the effectiveness of the driver.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, by the processor, whether to recommend simulation training for the driver based on the effectiveness of the driver.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the present state signal is based on a detection, by a sensor, of driver activity.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determination of the target level of engagement includes determining a target time for disengaging the AV system.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determination of the target level of engagement includes determining a target time for providing a warning to the driver regarding disengagement of the AV system.

12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining a target time for disengaging the AV system.

13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining a target time for providing a warning regarding disengagement of the AV system.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the past state signal is based at least in part on when the driver napped.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the past state signal includes at least one of: vehicle information, environment, and driver behavioral information.

16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

receiving, by the processor, environment data indicating a driving situation;

determining, by the processor, whether the AV system performs or is expected to perform below a threshold when encountering the driving situation;

if the AV system performs below the threshold, at least one of: making a recommendation to the driver and disengaging the AV system.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

responsive to driver operation of the vehicle in a non-autonomous mode in the driving situation, determining, by the processor, whether a skill of the driver has improved;

if the skill of the driver has not improved, recommending, by the processor, coaching for the driver.

18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, by the processor, based on at least one of sensor data, map data and environment information, that the vehicle is encountering a driving situation relevant to a skill set of the driver;

at least one of:

providing, by the processor, a recommendation to the driver to operate the vehicle in a non-autonomous mode;

disengaging, by the processor, the AV system.

19. A system for controlling driver interaction with an autonomous vehicle (AV) system for a vehicle, the system comprising:

a processor configured to:

receive a signal indicating a present state of a driver associated with an vehicle, wherein the vehicle has an autonomous system (AV) for autonomous operation;

receive a signal indicating a past state of the driver;

score effectiveness of the driver based at least in part on the received signals;

determine a target level of engagement of the driver with the AV system based on the driver effectiveness score;

determine whether a present driver engagement level meets the target engagement level;

in response to a determination that the present driver engagement level meets the target engagement level, at least one of (i) output a recommendation to the driver to disengage the AV system and (ii) automatically disengage the AV system; and

in response to a determination that the present driver engagement level is less than the target engagement level, at least one of (i) output a recommendation to the driver to engage the AV system and (ii) automatically engage the AV system; and

a non-transitory memory coupled to the processor and configured to provide the processor with instructions.

20. A computer program product for controlling driver interaction with an autonomous vehicle (AV) system for a vehicle, the computer program product being embodied in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium and comprising computer instructions for:

receiving, by a processor, a signal indicating a present state of a driver associated with an vehicle, wherein the vehicle has an autonomous system (AV) for autonomous operation;

receiving, by the processor, a signal indicating a past state of the driver;

scoring, by the processor, effectiveness of the driver based at least in part on the received signals;

determining, by the processor, a target level of engagement of the driver with the AV system based on the driver effectiveness score;

determining, by the processor, whether a present driver engagement level meets the target engagement level;

in response to a determination that the present driver engagement level meets the target engagement level, at least one of (i) outputting a recommendation to the driver to disengage the AV system and (ii) automatically disengaging the AV system; and

in response to a determination that the present driver engagement level is less than the target engagement level, at least one of (i) outputting a recommendation to the driver to engage the AV system and (ii) automatically engaging the AV system.