Compact wastewater concentrator using waste heat
A compact and portable liquid concentrator includes a gas inlet, a gas exit and a flow corridor connecting the gas inlet and the gas exit, wherein the flow corridor includes a narrowed portion that accelerates the gas through the flow corridor. A liquid inlet injects liquid into the gas stream at a point prior to the narrowed portion so that the gas-liquid mixture is thoroughly mixed within the flow corridor, causing a portion of the liquid to be evaporated. A demister or fluid scrubber downstream of the narrowed portion removes entrained liquid droplets from the gas stream and re-circulates the removed liquid to the liquid inlet through a re-circulating circuit. Fresh liquid to be concentrated is also introduced into the re-circulating circuit at a rate sufficient to offset the amount of liquid evaporated in the flow corridor.
1. A liquid concentrator system, comprising:
a concentrator section including;
a gas inlet,
a gas outlet,
a mixing corridor disposed between the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the mixing corridor having a narrowed portion in which gas flow within the mixing corridor accelerates when traveling from the gas inlet to the gas outlet; and
a liquid inlet through which liquid to be concentrated is injected into the mixing corridor, the liquid inlet disposed in the mixing corridor between the gas inlet and the narrowed portion;
a demister disposed downstream of the concentrator section, the demister including;
a demister gas flow passage coupled to the gas outlet of the concentrator section,
a liquid collector disposed in the demister gas flow passage to remove liquid from gas flowing in the demister gas flow passage,
a reservoir that collects the liquid removed from the gas flowing in the demister gas flow passage by the liquid collector; and
a concentrated liquid extraction port in the reservoir, and
a fan coupled to the demister to assist gas flow through the mixing corridor and the gas flow passage.
2. The liquid concentrator system of claim 1 , further including a re-circulating circuit disposed between reservoir and the mixing corridor to transport liquid within the reservoir to the mixing corridor.
3. The liquid concentrator system of claim 2 , wherein the re-circulating circuit is coupled to the liquid inlet of the concentrator section.
4. The liquid concentrator system of claim 2 , wherein the concentrator section includes a further liquid inlet disposed in the mixing corridor between the gas inlet and the narrowed portion, the further liquid inlet being coupled to the re-circulating circuit to inject liquid from the reservoir into the mixing corridor for further concentrating.
5. The liquid concentrator system of claim 4 , wherein the further liquid inlet is disposed in the mixing corridor downstream of the liquid inlet.
6. The liquid concentrator system of claim 4 , wherein the re-circulating circuit injects concentrated liquid into the mixing corridor without a sprayer.
7. The liquid concentrator system of claim 6 , further comprising a baffle disposed in the mixing corridor adjacent the further liquid inlet so that the concentrated liquid from the re-circulating circuit impinges on the baffle and disperses into the mixing corridor in small droplets.
8. The liquid concentrator system of claim 4 , wherein the further fluid inlet includes multiple fluid entrances, with a separate fluid entrance disposed in each of two or more side walls of the mixing corridor, and wherein the re-circulating circuit includes a pipe that partially surrounds the mixing corridor to provide concentrated liquid to each of the multiple fluid entrances.
9. The liquid concentrator system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid inlet includes a replaceable spray nozzle.
10. The liquid concentrator system of claim 1 , wherein the concentrator section includes an adjustable flow restriction disposed in the narrowed portion of the mixing corridor, the flow restriction adjustable to alter gas flow through the mixing corridor.
11. The liquid concentrator system of claim 10 , wherein the adjustable flow restriction is a venturi plate that is adjustable to change the size or shape of the narrowed portion of the mixing corridor.
12. The liquid concentrator system of claim 1 , wherein the fan is an induction fan disposed downstream of the demister and wherein the demister includes a demister gas inlet and a gas re-circulating circuit connected between a point downstream of the induction fan and the demister gas inlet to divert a portion of gas from the point downstream of the induction fan to the demister gas inlet.
13. The liquid concentrator system of claim 12 , further including a damper disposed within the gas re-circulating circuit to control the amount of gas diverted from the point downstream of the induction fan to the demister gas inlet.
14. The liquid concentrator system of claim 13 , further including a pressure sensor disposed in proximity to the demister gas inlet and a controller operatively coupled to the damper to control a position of the damper based on a reading of the pressure sensor.
15. The liquid concentrator system of claim 14 , further including two pressure sensors, one pressure sensor disposed in proximity to the demister gas inlet and the other pressure sensor disposed in proximity to a demister gas outlet.
16. The liquid concentrator system of claim 1 , wherein the gas inlet of the concentrator section is fluidly connected to a source of waste heat, and wherein the demister is significantly spaced apart from the concentrator section, and further including a piping section disposed between the gas outlet of the concentrator section and the demister.
17. The liquid concentrator system of claim 16 , wherein the gas inlet of the concentrator section is mounted directly adjacent to the source of waste heat.
18. A liquid concentrator system of claim 1 , comprising:
a concentrator section including;
a gas inlet,
a gas outlet,
a mixing corridor disposed between the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the mixing corridor having a narrowed portion in which gas flow within the mixing corridor accelerates when traveling from the gas inlet to the gas outlet; and
a liquid inlet through which liquid to be concentrated is injected into the mixing corridor, the liquid inlet disposed in the mixing corridor between the gas inlet and the narrowed portion;
a demister disposed downstream of the concentrator section, the demister including;
a demister gas flow passage coupled to the gas outlet of the concentrator section,
a liquid collector disposed in the demister gas flow passage to remove liquid from gas flowing in the demister gas flow passage, and
a reservoir that collects the liquid removed from the gas flowing in the demister gas flow passage by the liquid collector; and
a fan coupled to the demister to assist gas flow through the mixing corridor and the gas flow passage,
wherein the fan is an induction fan located downstream of the demister to provide a negative pressure gradient through the demister.
19. The liquid concentrator system of claim 18 , wherein the induction fan is connected to a variable frequency drive motor that operates to vary the speed of the induction fan to create varying levels of negative pressure gradients through the demister.