Amorphous propylene-ethylene copolymers
Amorphous propylene-ethylene copolymers are described herein that can include high amounts of ethylene and exhibit desirable softening points and needle penetrations. The desirable combinations of softening points and needle penetrations in these propylene-ethylene copolymers allow them to have a broad operating window. Due their broad operating window, the propylene-ethylene copolymers can be utilized in a wide array of applications and products, including hot melt adhesives.
1. A propylene-ethylene copolymer having
a. a softening point of 110 to 134° C. as measured by ASTM E28;
b. a needle penetration of 10 to 24 dmm as measured by ASTM D5;
c. a weight percent of at least 90% ethylene and propylene in combination with from about 10 to about 20 weight % ethylene; and
d. a Brookfield viscosity of 1,000 to 10,000 cps at 190° C. as measured by ASTM D 3236.
2. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 containing less than 5 weight percent of C4-C10 alpha-olefin.
3. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 containing less than 1 weight percent of C4-C10 alpha-olefin.
4. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 having a Brookfield viscosity of 1,500 to about 9,000 cps at 190° C. as measured by ASTM D3236.
5. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 2 having a Brookfield viscosity of 1,500 to about 9,000 cps at 190° C. as measured by ASTM D3236.
6. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 having a needle penetration of 15 to 21 dmm as measured by ASTM D5.
7. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 5 having a needle penetration of 15 to 21 dmm as measured by ASTM D5.
8. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 having a number average molecular weight of less than 25,000 grams/mole as determined by gel permeation chromatography.
9. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 7 having a number average molecular weight of less than 25,000 grams/mole as determined by gel permeation chromatography.
10. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 which is modified by grafting.
11. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 which is not modified by grafting.
12. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 9 which is not modified by grafting.
13. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 having a crystallinity of 5 to 40 percent as measured using DSC according to ASTM E 794-85.
14. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 12 having a crystallinity of 5 to 40 percent as measured using DSC according to ASTM E 794-85.
15. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 having a softening point of 110 to 130° C. as measured by ASTM E28 and a needle penetration of 10 to 20 dmm as measured by ASTM D5.
16. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 14 having a softening point of 110 to 130° C. as measured by ASTM E28 and a needle penetration of 10 to 20 dmm as measured by ASTM D5.
17. An adhesive comprising the propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 1 .
18. A propylene-ethylene copolymer having
a. a softening point of 110 to 130° C. as measured by ASTM E28;
b. a needle penetration of 15 to 20 dmm as measured by ASTM D5;
c. a weight percent of least 90% ethylene and propylene in combination, with from about 10 to about 20 weight % ethylene and less than 1 weight % C4-C9 alpha-olefin; and
d. a Brookfield viscosity of 1,000 to 10,000 cps at 190° C. as measured by ASTM D 3236.
19. The propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 18 which is not modified by grafting.
20. An adhesive comprising the propylene-ethylene copolymer of claim 18 .