Low-VOC compositions and methods of making and using the same
Compositions having low quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and uses thereof are generally disclosed. In some embodiments, the compositions are aqueous compositions, such as aqueous suspensions, suitable for use as coating or paint compositions. In some embodiments, the compositions are aqueous compositions that include, among other components, a film-forming polymer and a coalescing aid. In some embodiments, the coalescing aids are derived from a renewable feedstock. Methods and systems for making such compositions are also disclosed. Novel coalescing aids are also disclosed.
1. A method of forming a coating composition from a natural oil, the method comprising:
(a) providing a composition comprising unsaturated natural oil glycerides derived from a natural oil;
(b) reacting the unsaturated natural oil glycerides by a process that comprises cross-metathesis with lower alkenes and transesterification with methanol to yield compounds of formula (I):
wherein:
R 1 is C 5-16 alkenyl, which is optionally substituted one or more times by —OH; and
R 2 is methyl; and
(c) combining the compounds of formula (I) with a film-forming polymer and water to form a coating composition.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated natural oil glycerides comprise glycerides of oleic acid, linoleic acid, or combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting comprises carrying out the cross-metathesis before the transesterification.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting comprises carrying out the transesterification before the cross-metathesis.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lower alkenes comprise ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene, or combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the lower alkenes comprise ethylene.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the lower alkenes comprise 1-butene.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH═CH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH═CH—CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH 3 , or —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 3 .
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH 3 .
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein R 1 is —(CH 2 ) 7 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH 3 .
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the film-forming polymer is a natural latex, a synthetic latex, or a mixture thereof.
12. The method of claim 11 , where the film-forming polymer is a synthetic latex.
13. The method of claim 12 , where the synthetic latex is an acrylic polymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, or a mixture thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition comprises a pigment.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition comprises a thickener, a rheology modifier, a surfactant, a defoamer, a co-solvent, or any mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition comprises a biocide.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition is an emulsion.