DC-DC transformer with inductor for the facilitation of adiabatic inter-capacitor charge transport
In a power converter, a switching network having switches that operate at a common frequency and duty cycle interconnects circuit elements. These circuit elements include capacitors that are in a capacitor network and a magnetic filter. When connected to the capacitors by a switch from the switching network, the magnetic filter imposes a constraint upon inter-capacitor charge transfer between the capacitors to maintain the filter's second terminal at a voltage. The switching network transitions between states. These states include a first state, a second state, and a third state. In both the first state and the third state, the first magnetic-filter terminal couples to the capacitor network. In the second state, which occurs between the first and third state, the switches ground the first magnetic-filter terminal.
1. An apparatus comprising: a power converter that to transform a first voltage at a first power-converter terminal into a second voltage at a second power-converter terminal, said power converter comprising a switching network to interconnect capacitors in a capacitor network and a magnetic filter, said magnetic filter comprising a first magnetic-filter terminal and a second magnetic-filter terminal, wherein, with said capacitors connected to a switch from said switching network, said magnetic filter to impose a constraint upon inter-capacitor charge transfer between said capacitors, wherein said second magnetic-filter terminal is to be maintained at said second voltage, wherein said switches to operate at a common frequency and at a common duty cycle, wherein said switching network to transition between states, said states comprising a first state, a second state, and a third state, wherein, in both said first state and said third state, said first magnetic-filter terminal to couple to said capacitor network, wherein in said second state, said first magnetic-filter terminal is to be grounded, and wherein said second state to occur between said first and said third state.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said capacitors and said switching network to cooperate to define a single-phase charge pump.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said capacitors and said switching network to cooperate to define a multi-phase charge pump.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein, in said first state, said first magnetic-filter terminal to couple to a node, a cathode of a first capacitor to connect to said node, and an anode of a second capacitor to connect to said node and wherein, in said second state, cathodes of said first and said second capacitors to connect to each other and said first magnetic-filter terminal to connect to an anode of one of said first and said second capacitors.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said states to comprise a fourth state, wherein said fourth state to be selected from said first state, said second state, or said third state, wherein said switching network to execute a cycle, wherein said cycle to begin with a transition out of said fourth state and to end with a transition into said fourth state, and wherein said cycle to comprise three transitions between said states.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said states to comprise a fourth state, wherein said fourth state is to be selected from said first state, said second state, or said third state, wherein said switching network to execute a cycle, wherein said cycle to begin with a transition out of said fourth state and to end with a transition into said fourth state, and wherein said cycle to comprise four transitions between said states.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein, during said cycle, said second state to occur twice.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said switching network to comprise a stabilizing switch to connect a stabilizing capacitor to said first magnetic-filter terminal and to disconnect said stabilizing capacitor from said first magnetic-filter terminal.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein, during a cycle, each switch in said switching network to sustain a current therethrough and wherein said stabilizing switch to sustain less current than any other switch in said switching network.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said second magnetic-filter terminal to connect to a capacitor.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said switching network comprises a first switch, wherein said first switch to connect said first magnetic-filter terminal to said capacitor network and to disconnect said first magnetic-filter terminal from said capacitor network.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein said switching network comprises a second switch, wherein said second switch to connect said first magnetic-filter terminal to ground with said first switch to disconnect said first magnetic-filter terminal from said capacitor network and wherein said second switch is to be open otherwise.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said switching network comprises a first switch, wherein said first switch to transition between said first and said second states, wherein in said first state said first magnetic-filter terminal to be connected to ground and in said second state said first magnetic-filter terminal to be disconnected from ground.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said magnetic filter comprises an LC circuit to be connected to said capacitor network.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said capacitor network and said switching network to cooperate to define a two-phase charge pump.