Liquid biomass heating system
The present disclosure generally relates to the introduction of a liquid biomass in heating systems such as commercial boilers in order to reduce dependence on petroleum-based heating fuel oils as a source of combustion fuel. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to systems, methods, and apparatuses utilizing a liquid thermally produced from biomass into commercial and industrial boiler or thermal systems such as boilers, furnaces, and kilns, and methods for generating renewable identification numbers (RINs), alternative energy credits (AECs) and renewable energy credits (RECs).
1. A heating system, comprising: a burner system, comprising:
i) a burner configured to operate in at least two modes, the at least two modes comprising:
(a) a petroleum heating oil mode for combusting a petroleum heating oil; and
(b) a renewable fuel oil mode for combusting a renewable fuel oil;
ii) a petroleum heating oil feed train configured to provide a stream of the petroleum heating oil to the burner; and
iii) a renewable fuel oil feed train configured to provide a stream of the renewable fuel oil to the burner, the renewable fuel oil feed train configured to preheat the stream of the renewable fuel oil from a temperature of between 10° C. and 40° C. to a temperature of between 50° C. and 70° C. for a period of no more than 20 seconds prior to providing the stream of the renewable fuel oil to the burner.
2. The heating system of claim 1 , wherein the renewable fuel oil mode comprises: burning the stream of the renewable fuel oil at a temperature of between 1300° C. and 1800° C. with an atomized fuel-to-air ratio of between 0.4:1 and 4:1.
3. The heating system of claim 1 , wherein the burner is disposed in a boiler.
4. The heating system of claim 3 , wherein the boiler is an industrial boiler.
5. The heating system of claim 3 , wherein the heating system comprises a boiler control system, the boiler control system configured to maintain a constant boiler steam pressure.
6. The heating system of claim 1 , wherein the burner is disposed in a kiln.
7. The heating system of claim 1 , wherein the burner is disposed in a furnace.
8. The heating system of claim 1 , further comprising: a fire box comprising a heat sink component and a radiant surface component, the heat sink component positioned to absorb heat from a flame formed by combustion of at least a portion of the stream of the renewable fuel oil, the heat sink component further positioned to communicate a portion of the heat to the radiant surface component, the radiant surface component disposed relative to the burner to vaporize at least a portion of a spray cone formed by the at least a portion of the stream of the renewable fuel oil.
9. The heating system of claim 8 , wherein the heat sink component is a cylindrical component sized to shield at least 25% of the flame in a direction of the flame.
10. The heating system of claim 9 , wherein the heat sink component has a length-to-average diameter ratio of between 1.5:1 and 2:1.
11. The heating system of claim 8 , wherein the heat sink component is configured to provide sufficient heat to restart combustion of the at least a portion of the stream of the renewable fuel oil after flame-out.
12. The heating system of claim 8 , wherein the heat sink component is configured to shorten a distance from the burner to a point of ignition of the flame.
13. The heating system of claim 1 , wherein the heating system comprises an evaporative cooling system.
14. The heating system of claim 1 , wherein the burner system further comprises a post-combustion purge system and a safety fuel shut-off valve, the post-combustion purge system configured to remove substantially all residual renewable fuel oil between the safety fuel shut-off valve and an orifice of the burner within a specified period of time after the safety fuel shut-off valve closes.
15. The heating system of claim 14 , wherein the post-combustion purge system is configured to remove greater than 85% of the residual renewable fuel oil between the safety fuel shut-off valve and the orifice within 10 seconds after the safety fuel shut-off valve closes.
16. The heating system of claim 1 , further comprising: a controller configured to operate the burner in the at least two modes.
17. The heating system of claim 16 , wherein the controller is configured to control a rate of feeding combustion air to the burner to maintain a constant oxygen concentration in a combustion flue gas.
18. The heating system of claim 17 , wherein the controller is configured to alternate between combusting the stream of the petroleum heating oil and the stream of the renewable fuel oil on an energy equivalent basis.