Systems and methods for enhancing function of spine stabilization muscles associated with a spine surgery intervention

1. A method for enhancing function of spine stabilizing muscles in connection with a spine surgery intervention in a patient's back, the method comprising:

selecting one or more electrodes and a pulse generator configured for electrical communication with the one or more electrodes;

implanting the one or more electrodes in or adjacent to tissue associated with one or more spine stabilizing muscles associated with local segmental control of a lumbar spine within a back of a patient;

programming the pulse generator for enhancing function of the one or more spine stabilizing muscles; and

delivering, adjunctive to the spine surgery intervention, electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles via the one or more electrodes to improve neuromuscular control system performance of the one or more spine stabilizing muscles in connection with the spine surgery intervention to facilitate rehabilitation and improve the function of the one or more spine stabilizing muscles after the spine surgery intervention.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein implanting the one or more electrodes in or adjacent to tissue associated with one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises implanting the one or more electrodes in or adjacent to a dorsal ramus nerve that innervates the multifidus muscle, and wherein delivering electrical stimulation comprises delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the dorsal ramus nerve that innervates the multifidus muscle.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises at least one of a multifidus, transverse abdominis, quadratus lumborum, psoas major, internus abdominis, obliquus externus abdominis, or erector spinae muscles.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more electrodes are disposed on an electrode lead, the electrode lead having a first anchor angled distally relative to the electrode lead and a second anchor distal to the first anchor angled proximally relative to the electrode lead, and wherein implanting the one or more electrodes in or adjacent to tissue associated with one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises anchoring the electrode lead in or adjacent to tissue associated with one or more spine stabilizing muscles via the first and second anchors.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein programming the pulse generator further comprises transmitting programing data from an external programmer to the pulse generator, wherein delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises delivering electrical stimulation consistent with the programming data.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the programming data comprises at least one of: pulse amplitude, pulse width, stimulation rate, stimulation frequency, ramp timing, cycle timing, session timing, or electrode configuration.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles causes contraction of the one or more spine stabilizing muscles.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises delivering electrical stimulation at a stimulation rate between 1-30 Hz.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises delivering electrical stimulation at a pulse width between 20-500 μs.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises delivering electrical stimulation at a pulse amplitude between 0.1-7 mA.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pulse generator is configured to be percutaneously implanted, the method further comprising implanting the pulse generator prior to delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles via the one or more electrodes.

12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising transmitting a stimulation command from an activator to the pulse generator, wherein delivering electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles comprises delivering electrical stimulation responsive to the stimulation command.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the stimulation command comprises at least one of: a command to start a treatment session or stop the treatment session; a command to provide a status of the pulse generator; or a request to conduct an impedance assessment.

14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising sensing muscle contraction via one or more sensors coupled to the pulse generator, and adjusting the electrical stimulation delivered by the pulse generator to maintain smooth and continuous muscle contraction.

15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

reprogramming the pulse generator for restoring muscle function of the one or more spine stabilizing muscles; and

delivering, according to the reprogramming and after the spine surgery intervention, electrical stimulation from the pulse generator to the tissue associated with the one or more spine stabilizing muscles via the one or more electrodes, thereby facilitating rehabilitation of the one or more spine stabilizing muscles after the spine surgery intervention.