HVAC unit fan control systems and methods
The present disclosure relates to a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) unit configured to supply conditioned air to a conditioned space. The HVAC unit includes a first exhaust fan capable of operating at variable speeds and a second constant-speed fan. The HVAC unit also includes a controller configured to determine a target airflow to be provided to the conditioned space, cause actuation of the first exhaust fan at a variable fan speed when the target airflow is greater than zero, and cause actuation of the second exhaust fan when the target airflow is greater than an airflow threshold.
1. A heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) unit configured to supply conditioned air to a conditioned space, the HVAC unit comprising:
a first exhaust fan capable of operating at variable speeds;
a second constant-speed exhaust fan; and
a controller configured to:
determine a target supply airflow rate to be provided to the conditioned space;
cause actuation of the first exhaust fan at a variable fan speed when the target supply airflow rate is greater than zero; and
cause actuation of the second constant-speed exhaust fan and modulation of the first exhaust fan when the target supply airflow rate is greater than an airflow threshold.
2. The HVAC unit of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to cause the first exhaust fan to operate at a first speed based on the target supply airflow rate relative to a total airflow rating of the HVAC unit.
3. The HVAC unit of claim 2 , wherein the airflow threshold is one half of the total airflow rating of the HVAC unit.
4. The HVAC unit of claim 1 , comprising a variable frequency drive (VFD) configured to modulate an amount of power provided to a motor that drives the first exhaust fan at a desired speed.
5. The HVAC unit of claim 1 , wherein the controller is communicatively coupled to a pressure sensor disposed within the conditioned space and configured to collect data regarding an air pressure within the conditioned space to facilitate determining the target supply airflow rate.
6. The HVAC unit of claim 5 , wherein the controller is configured to:
receive the data regarding the air pressure within the conditioned space;
receive data indicative of a pressure setpoint associated with the conditioned space; and
control the first exhaust fan and the second constant-speed exhaust fan based on a difference between the air pressure and the pressure setpoint.
7. The HVAC unit of claim 6 , wherein the controller is communicatively coupled to a control device disposed within the conditioned space that is configured to determine the pressure setpoint and send the pressure setpoint to the controller.
8. The HVAC unit of claim 7 , wherein the control device comprises the pressure sensor.
9. The HVAC unit of claim 1 , comprising a switching device configured to be electrically coupled to a power source and communicatively coupled to the controller, wherein the controller is configured to cause actuation of the second constant-speed exhaust fan by causing the switching device to electrically couple the power source to a motor configured to drive the second constant-speed exhaust fan.
10. The HVAC unit of claim 1 , comprising a third constant-speed exhaust fan and a fourth constant-speed exhaust fan configured to direct air to the conditioned space, wherein the controller is configured to cause actuation of the third constant-speed exhaust fan and the fourth constant-speed exhaust fan based on the target supply airflow rate.
11. A tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to:
receive data regarding an air pressure within a conditioned space;
receive data indicative of a pressure setpoint associated with the conditioned space;
determine a target supply airflow rate to be provided to the conditioned space based on a difference between the air pressure and the pressure setpoint; and
control modulation of a first exhaust fan configured to operate at variable speeds and actuation of a second constant-speed exhaust fan based on the target supply airflow rate.
12. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the instructions, when executed by the processing circuitry, are configured to cause the processing circuitry to:
control the second constant-speed exhaust fan by causing the second constant-speed exhaust fan to be electrically disconnected from a power source when the target supply airflow rate is less than an airflow threshold.
13. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 12 , wherein the airflow threshold corresponds to a portion of a total airflow rating of a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) unit.
14. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 13 , wherein, when the target supply airflow rate is greater than the airflow threshold, the instructions, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to:
instruct the second constant-speed exhaust fan to provide a first airflow approximately equal to the airflow threshold; and
instruct the first exhaust fan to provide a second airflow equal to a difference between the target supply airflow rate and the first airflow.
15. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 14 , wherein the airflow threshold is one half of the total airflow rating for the HVAC unit.
16. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 12 , wherein the instructions, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to control operation of a third exhaust fan and a fourth exhaust fan based on the target supply airflow rate.
17. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the instructions, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to control operation of the third exhaust fan by:
instructing a switching device to electrically couple a power source to a motor configured to drive the third exhaust fan to cause the third exhaust fan to operate at a constant fan speed when the target supply airflow rate is greater than one-half of a total airflow rating of a heating, ventilating, and/or conditioning (HVAC) unit; and
instructing the switching device to electrically disconnect the power source from the motor when the target supply airflow rate is less than or equal to one-half of the total airflow rating.
18. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 17 , wherein the instructions, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to control operation of the fourth exhaust fan by:
instructing a second switching device to electrically couple the power source to a second motor configured to drive the fourth exhaust fan to cause the fourth exhaust fan to operate at an additional constant fan speed when the target supply airflow rate is greater than three-quarters of the total airflow rating; and
instructing the second switching device to electrically disconnect the power source from the second motor when the target supply airflow rate is less than or equal to three-quarters of the total airflow rating.
19. A control system of a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system comprising control circuitry configured to:
determine a target airflow rate of supply air to be provided by an HVAC unit to a serviced space;
cause actuation of a first exhaust fan in the HVAC unit capable of operating at variable speeds when the target airflow rate is greater than zero; and
cause actuation of a second, constant speed exhaust fan in the HVAC unit and modulation of the first exhaust fan when the target airflow rate is greater than an airflow threshold.
20. The control system of claim 19 , wherein the control circuitry is configured to be communicatively coupled to a pressure sensor that collects sensor data indicative of air pressure within the serviced space.
21. The control system of claim 20 , comprising a thermostat deployed within the serviced space, wherein the thermostat comprises processing circuitry, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine a pressure setpoint associated with the serviced space.
22. The control system of claim 21 , comprising a controller deployed in the HVAC unit, wherein the controller is configured to determine the target airflow rate based on a difference between the pressure setpoint and the air pressure within the serviced space.
23. The control system of claim 21 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the target airflow rate based on the air pressure within the serviced space.
24. The control system of claim 19 , wherein the HVAC unit comprises a rooftop HVAC unit.
25. The control system of claim 19 , comprising a motor drive configured to modulate an amount of power provided to a motor that drives the first exhaust fan to cause the first exhaust fan to operate at a variable fan speed.
26. The control system of claim 19 , wherein the control circuitry is configured to actuate the second, constant speed exhaust fan at a constant fan speed when the target airflow rate is greater than the airflow threshold.