Catalysed substrate monolith
A catalysed substrate monolith 12 for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine, which catalysed substrate monolith 12 comprising a first washcoat coating 16 and a second washcoat coating 18 , wherein the first washcoat coating comprises a catalyst composition comprising at least one platinum group metal (PGM) and at least one support material for the at least one PGM, wherein at least one PGM in the first washcoat coating is liable to volatilise when the first washcoat coating is exposed to relatively extreme conditions including relatively high temperatures, wherein the second washcoat coating comprises at least one metal oxide for trapping volatilised PGM and wherein the second washcoat coating is oriented to contact exhaust gas that has contacted the first washcoat coating.
1. A substrate monolith comprising:
a first washcoat comprising a catalyst material disposed on a first support material, wherein the catalyst material comprises at least one platinum group metal; and
a second washcoat comprising a metal that is either Pd or a mixture or alloy comprising Au and Pd, wherein the metal supported on a second support material comprising zirconia;
wherein the second washcoat is adjacent to the first washcoat and arranged to contact the exhaust gas after the exhaust gas has contacted the catalytic material; and
wherein the first and second support materials are different metal oxides.
2. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material of the first washcoat comprises platinum (Pt).
3. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material of the first washcoat comprises both platinum (Pt), and palladium (Pd).
4. The substrate monolith of claim 3 , wherein the Pt and Pd are present in a ratio by mass of Pt to Pd in a range of from 1:1 to 5:1.
5. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material is present in the first washcoat in a range of from 1 g ft −3 to 500 g ft −3 .
6. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the second support material is zirconia.
7. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the second support material comprises (i) a stabilized zirconia or (ii) a mixed oxide or mixture of zirconia, wherein the stabilized zirconia, mixed oxide, or mixture of zirconia comprises one or more of alumina, silica, ceria, or titania.
8. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the second support material is present in the second washcoat in a range of from 0.1 to 5 g in −3 .
9. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the second support material comprises a stabilized ceria-zirconia oxide.
10. The substrate monolith of claim 9 , wherein metal of the second washcoat does not contain bismuth and/or manganese.
11. The substrate monolith of claim 9 , wherein the second washcoat does not contain bismuth and/or manganese.
12. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the second washcoat comprises Pd or a mixture of Au and Pd.
13. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the second washcoat comprises an alloy comprising Au and Pd.
14. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the second washcoat is Pd.
15. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the second washcoat is Pd and the second support material is zirconia.
16. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the mixture or alloy comprising Au and Pd of the second washcoat is an alloy of Au and Pd.
17. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the second washcoat does not contain copper and/or rhodium.
18. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the second washcoat does not contain platinum.
19. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein the mixture or alloy comprising Au and Pd is present in the second washcoat at a loading in a range of from 10 g ft −3 to 350 g ft −3 .
20. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , wherein there is substantially no overlap between the first washcoat and the second region.
21. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , that is a flow-through monolith substrate.
22. The substrate monolith of claim 21 , wherein the second washcoat is disposed in a layer above the first washcoat.
23. The substrate monolith of claim 21 wherein the first washcoat is coated on the inlet channels and the second washcoat is coated on the outlet channels.
24. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , that is filtering monolith substrate.
25. The substrate monolith of claim 1 , that is a wall-flow filter having inlet and outlet channels.
26. An exhaust system for treating an exhaust gas in a lean-burn internal combustion engine, wherein the exhaust system comprises the substrate monolith of claim 1 as a first catalyzed substrate monolith, the first washcoat being positioned upstream of the second washcoat.
27. The exhaust system of claim 26 , further comprising a second catalyzed substrate monolith comprising a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, which second catalyzed substrate monolith is disposed downstream from the first substrate monolith.
28. The exhaust system according to claim 27 , comprising an injector for injecting a nitrogenous reductant into exhaust gas between the first substrate monolith and the second catalyzed substrate monolith.
29. The exhaust system according to claim 27 , further comprising a third substrate monolith, wherein the third substrate monolith is a filtering substrate monolith, which third substrate monolith is disposed downstream of the second catalyzed substrate monolith.
30. The exhaust system of claim 29 , wherein the third substrate monolith comprises an oxidation catalyst.