Actuator assemblies and methods of assembling the same
Various implementations include a self-coupling initiator including one or more integrated features that allow the initiator to be installed within a housing tube without a forming or fastening operation. The integrated features are able to be coupled to a drop protection cap. The drop protection cap extends around at least a portion of a head portion of the initiator and abuts the structure of the outer housing so that force imparted on the drop protection cap from a drop test is transferred to a direct compression load on the cap and housing, instead of the force being transferred to the initiator. In addition, the initiator may include one or more clip features that allow the initiator to clip into the housing. In such embodiments, the drop protection cap may also prevent the clips from being disengaged with the housing.
1. An actuator assembly comprising:
a housing having an end wall, the end wall defining an opening;
an initiator comprising a head portion, the head portion defining at least one groove that extends circumferentially around at least a portion of the head portion, wherein the initiator comprises one or more electrical connectors extending therefrom; and
a cap having an end face, a wall that extends from the end face in a first axial direction, a first arm, and a second arm, each arm having a proximal end coupled to the wall and a distal end that is free and spaced apart from the proximal end, the arms being biased radially inward,
wherein at least a portion of the arms slidably engage the at least one groove defined by the head portion, and a portion of the head portion extending axially outside of the housing is disposed within a cavity defined by the end face and wall of the cap, and
wherein the cap defines an opening, and the one or more electrical connectors extend directly and continuously from the initiator head portion, through the cavity and out of the opening of the cap.
2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one groove comprises a first groove and a second groove, the first and second grooves being diametrically opposed to each other on the head portion.
3. The assembly of claim 2 , wherein:
the first groove defines a first step within the first groove and the second groove defines a second step within the second groove, the steps being spaced apart from each other circumferentially, and
a distal end of each arm comprises a clip surface that extends radially inwardly, the clip surface of the first arm engages the first step and the clip surface of the second arm engages the second step, preventing the arms from being slidably disengaged from the grooves.
4. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the arms extend circumferentially from the wall of the cap such that the proximal and distal ends of each arm are circumferentially spaced apart, and the first and second arms are circumferentially spaced apart.
5. The assembly of claim 4 , wherein a depth of each arm tapers adjacent a distal end thereof, the depth being measured in an axial direction, and wherein the arms pull the initiator axially toward the end wall of the housing to compress a resilient seal disposed between a flange of the initiator and the end wall when the arms are slid through the at least one groove.
6. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the arms extend axially from the wall of the cap such that the proximal and distal ends of each arm are axially spaced apart, and the first and second arms are circumferentially spaced apart.
7. The assembly of claim 6 , wherein the head portion of the initiator comprises a head face and a head wall that extends axially from the head face, the at least one groove being defined in the head wall, the head portion further comprises at least two initiator arms, each initiator arm having a proximal end coupled to the head wall and a distal end that is free and radially spaced apart from the head wall, the proximal ends of each initiator arm being axially spaced apart from the head face, the initiator arms being biased radially outwardly, the proximal ends of the initiator arms being spaced apart from each other, the one or more grooves extending circumferentially between the proximal ends of the initiator arms, and the distal end of the each initiator arm comprising a clip surface that extends radially outwardly from each initiator arm, the clip surfaces extending through the opening of the housing and engaging the end wall of the housing.
8. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the cap further comprises at least one inner tab, the inner tab being spaced radially inwardly from the wall of the cap, and a distal end of each inner tab extending into a space defined between the head wall of the initiator and a respective initiator arm to prevent radially inward movement of the initiator arms.
9. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the at least two initiator arms comprise first, second, and third initiator arms that are spaced apart circumferentially.
10. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the end face of the cap defines the opening of the cap.
11. The assembly of claim 7 , wherein the wall of the cap defines the opening of the cap.
12. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one groove has a groove floor, each arm of the cap has an inner radial surface, and at least a portion of the inner radial surface engages the groove floor of the at least one groove.
13. The assembly of claim 12 , wherein the at least one groove has a first sidewall and a second sidewall that extends radially outwardly from the groove floor, the first and second sidewalls facing each other axially.
14. The assembly of claim 13 , wherein the first sidewall is disposed outside of the housing and the second sidewall is disposed inside of the housing.
15. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the wall of the cap defines the opening of the cap.
16. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein an axial end surface of the wall of the cap abuts the end wall of the housing when the arms are engaged in the grooves.
17. A method of assembling an actuator comprising:
sliding an initiator through a first opening of a housing and toward a second opening of the housing, the first opening and the second opening being axially spaced apart, the initiator comprising a head portion defining at least one groove that extends circumferentially around at least a portion of the head portion, wherein the initiator comprises one or more electrical connectors extending therefrom, wherein at least a portion of the head portion extends through the second opening of the housing; and
sliding first and second arms of a cap into the at least one groove of the initiator, the cap having an end face, a wall that extends from the end face in a first axial direction, wherein each arm has a proximal end coupled to the wall and a distal end that is free and spaced apart from the proximal end, the arms being biased radially inwardly,
wherein the portion of the head portion of the initiator that extends axially outside of the housing is disposed within a cavity defined by the end face and wall of the cap, and
wherein the cap defines an opening, and the one or more electrical connectors extend directly and continuously from the initiator head portion, through the cavity and out of the opening of the cap.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the opening is defined by the wall of the cap.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the arms extend circumferentially from the wall of the cap such that the proximal and distal ends of each arm are circumferentially spaced apart, and the first and second arms are circumferentially spaced apart.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the arms extend axially from the wall of the cap such that the proximal and distal ends of each arm are axially spaced apart, and the first and second arms are circumferentially spaced apart.