Ammonia slip catalyst designed to be first in an SCR system
Catalyst articles having an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) comprising a blend of platinum on a support with low ammonia storage and a first SCR catalyst, and a second catalyst, such as a diesel oxidation catalyst, a diesel exotherm catalyst (DEC), a NOx absorber, a selective catalytic reduction/passive NOx adsorber (SCR/PNA), a cold-start catalyst (CSC) or a three-way catalyst (TWC) are disclosed. The catalyst articles can also contain one or two additional SCR catalysts. The catalysts can be present in one of various configurations. The catalytic articles are useful for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx in exhaust gases and in reducing the amount of ammonia slip. Methods of using the catalytic articles in an SCR process, where the amount of ammonia slip is reduced, are also described.
1. A method of treating an exhaust gas, comprising contacting the exhaust gas with a catalyst article comprising a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end, a first zone and a second zone, where the first zone comprises an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) comprising a platinum group metal and a first SCR catalyst comprising a metal exchange molecular sieve, vanadium or a base metal, and the second zone comprises a second catalyst selected from the group consisting of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel exotherm catalyst (DEC), a catalyzed soot filter (CSF), a NOx absorber, a selective catalytic reduction/passive NOx adsorber (SCR/PNA), a cold-start catalyst (CSC) or a three-way catalyst (TWC),
where the first zone is located upstream of the gas flow relative to the second zone, and
where the first zone and the second zone are located on the same substrate and the first zone is located on the inlet side of the substrate and the second zone is located on the outlet side of the substrate.
2. The method of claim 1 , where the ammonia slip catalyst comprises a bottom layer comprising a platinum group metal and a top layer comprising the first SCR catalyst located over the bottom layer.
3. The method of claim 1 , where the ammonia slip catalyst comprises a blend of a platinum group metal on a support with low ammonia storage and a first SCR catalyst.
4. The method of claim 1 , where the second zone comprises a blend of a diesel oxidation catalyst and a second SCR catalyst.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a second SCR catalyst, where the second SCR catalyst is located between the ammonia slip catalyst and the second catalyst.
6. The method of claim 1 , where the platinum group metal comprises platinum, palladium or a combination of platinum and palladium.
7. The method of claim 1 , where the platinum group metal is on a support with low ammonia storage.
8. The method of claim 1 , where platinum is present from at least one of: (a) 0.01-0.3 wt. %, (b) 0.03-0.2 wt. %, (c) 0.05-0.17 wt. %, and (d) 0.07-0.15 wt. %, inclusive, relative to the weight of a support of platinum+the weight of platinum+the weight of the first SCR catalyst in the blend.
9. The method of claim 5 , where the second SCR catalyst is a base metal, an oxide of a base metal, a molecular sieve, a metal exchanged molecular sieve or a mixture thereof.
10. The method of claim 9 , where the molecular sieve or the metal exchanged molecular sieve is small pore, medium pore, large pore or a mixture thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , where the article does not include an additional ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) and either (a) the second zone does not comprise a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) or (b) the DOC is not located adjacent to, and downstream of, the ammonia slip catalyst.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a third zone comprising an ASC catalyst, where the third zone is located between the first zone and the second zone.
13. The method of claim 12 , where the PGM in the first zone comprises palladium in an amount of about 1 g/ft 3 to about 20 g/ft 3 .
14. An exhaust system comprising
a. a catalyst article comprising a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end, a first zone and a second zone, where the first zone comprises an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) comprising a platinum group metal and a first SCR catalyst comprising a metal exchange molecular sieve, vanadium or a base metal, and the second zone comprises a second catalyst selected from the group consisting of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel exotherm catalyst (DEC), a catalyzed soot filter (CSF), a NOx absorber, a selective catalytic reduction/passive NOx adsorber (SCR/PNA), a cold-start catalyst (CSC) or a three-way catalyst (TWC),
where the first zone is located upstream of the gas flow relative to the second zone, and
where the first zone and the second zone are located on the same substrate and the first zone is located on the inlet side of the substrate and the second zone is located on the outlet side of the substrate; and
b. a means of introducing NH 3 into the exhaust gas or forming NH 3 in the exhaust gas.
15. The exhaust system of claim 14 , further comprising a catalysed soot filter (CSF).
16. The exhaust system of claim 15 , where the catalysed soot filter comprises a PGM loading from about 5 g/ft 3 to about 20 g/ft 3 in the inlet side of the filter.