Swallowable drug delivery device and methods of drug delivery
Embodiments of the invention provide swallowable devices, preparations and methods for delivering drugs and other therapeutic agents within the GI tract. Some embodiments provide a swallowable device such as a capsule for delivering drugs into the intestinal wall or other GI lumen. The device comprises a capsule sized to be swallowed and pass through the intestinal tract. The capsule can include at least one guide tube, one or more tissue penetrating members positioned in the guide tube, a delivery member, an actuating mechanism and a release element. The release element degrades upon exposure to various conditions in the intestine so as to release and actuate the actuating mechanism. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful for the delivery of drugs which are poorly absorbed, tolerated and/or degraded within the GI tract.
1. An ingestible device suitable for swallowing into a lumen of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a patient, the lumen having a lumen wall, the device having an interior and comprising:
a preparation comprising a therapeutic agent, the preparation at least partially disposed in the device interior and shaped as a solid tissue penetrating member configured to be inserted into the lumen wall of the GI tract; and
a spring mechanism operably coupled to the solid tissue penetrating member, the spring mechanism configured to advance the solid tissue penetrating member from the device interior into the wall of the GI tract.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the preparation is configured to be inserted into a wall of the patient's stomach.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the preparation is configured to be inserted into a wall of the patient's small intestine.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the spring mechanism comprises a release element and a spring, the spring having a compressed state and a non-compressed state, the release element configured to release the spring from the compressed state to the non-compressed state responsive to a condition in the GI tract.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the condition is a presence of fluid within the GI tract lumen.
6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the condition is a fluid within the patient's stomach.
7. The device of claim 4 , wherein release element comprises a sugar.
8. The device of claim 4 , wherein spring comprises a coil spring.
9. The device of claim 4 , wherein the release element comprises a material which degrades upon exposure to fluids in the GI tract lumen.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the material degrades upon exposure to fluids within the patient's stomach.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the tissue penetrating member comprises a biodegradable material configured to biodegrade in tissue to release the therapeutic agent into the lumen wall of the GI tract.
12. The device of claim 11 , wherein the biodegradable material comprises a sugar, a biodegradable polymer, or polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA).
13. The device of claim 11 , wherein the biodegradable material is configured to degrade within a wall of the patient's stomach.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a therapeutically effective dose of insulin for the treatment of diabetes or a glucose regulation disorder.
15. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a therapeutically effective dose of an incretin for the treatment of diabetes or a glucose regulation disorder.
16. The device of claim 15 , wherein the incretin comprises a glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a GLP-1 analogue, exenatide, liraglutide, albiglutide, taspoglutide or a gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).
17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a therapeutically effective dose of a growth hormone.
18. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a therapeutically effective dose of a parathyroid hormone for the treatment of osteoporosis or a thyroid disorder.
19. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a therapeutically effective dose of an antiviral compound or a protease inhibitor.
20. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a cytokine or an interferon.
21. The device of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a gamma globulin.
22. The device of claim 21 , wherein the gamma globulin comprises an antibody and the antibody is delivered into the wall of GI tract lumen with minimal or no loss in binding affinity or specificity to a target antigen site.
23. An ingestible device suitable for swallowing into a lumen of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a patient, the lumen having a lumen wall, the device having an interior and comprising:
a preparation comprising a therapeutic agent, the preparation at least partially disposed in the device interior and shaped as a solid tissue penetrating member configured to be inserted into the lumen wall of the GI tract; and
a spring mechanism operably coupled to the solid tissue penetrating member, the spring mechanism configured to advance the solid tissue penetrating member from the device interior into the wall of the GI tract responsive to a condition in the GI tract.
24. The device of claim 23 , wherein the preparation is configured to be inserted into a wall of the patient's stomach or small intestine.
25. The device of claim 23 , wherein the spring mechanism comprises a release element and a spring, the spring having a compressed state and a non-compressed state, the release element configured to release the spring from the compressed state to the non-compressed state responsive to the condition in the GI tract.
26. The device of claim 23 , wherein the condition is a presence of fluid within the GI tract lumen.
27. The device of claim 26 , wherein the condition is a fluid within the patient's stomach or small intestine.
28. An ingestible device suitable for swallowing into a lumen of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a patient, the lumen having a lumen wall, the device comprising:
a device interior configured to contain a preparation comprising a therapeutic agent, the preparation shaped as a solid tissue penetrating member configured to be inserted into the lumen wall of the GI tract; and
a spring mechanism operably coupled to the solid tissue penetrating member, the spring mechanism configured to advance the therapeutic agent from the device interior into the wall of the GI tract responsive to a condition in the GI tract.
29. The device of claim 28 , wherein the lumen wall of the GI tract comprises the wall of the patient's stomach.
30. The device of claim 28 , wherein the spring mechanism comprises a release element and a spring, the spring having a compressed state and a non-compressed state, the release element configured to release the spring from the compressed state to the non-compressed state responsive to the condition in the GI tract.