Ophthalmic artery therapy under reverse flow

1. A method, comprising:

positioning a first device within an internal carotid artery of a subject;

impeding antegrade blood flow in the internal carotid artery so as to induce retrograde blood flow in an ophthalmic artery of the subject; and

delivering a pharmaceutical agent to an artery of the subject other than the internal carotid artery in an antegrade direction for passage via an anastomotic pathway into the ophthalmic artery of the subject in a retrograde direction, wherein the artery other than the internal carotid artery of the subject is downstream of an external carotid artery of the subject.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the impeding antegrade blood flow includes expanding an occlusion device within the internal carotid artery.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the expanding the occlusion device within the internal carotid artery includes expanding the occlusion device at a location within the internal carotid artery closer to a junction with a common carotid artery than a junction with the ophthalmic artery.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the delivering the pharmaceutical agent includes delivering the pharmaceutical agent under pressure.

5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising controlling a pressure of the pharmaceutical agent via a regulator.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising delivering a second device through a lumen of the first device such that a distal end of the second device is positioned in the ophthalmic artery or a junction between the ophthalmic artery and the internal carotid artery.

7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising treating a blockage, a stenosis, a lesion, plaque, or other physiology in the ophthalmic artery or the junction between the ophthalmic artery and the internal carotid artery.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to the delivering the pharmaceutical agent, positioning a delivery device such that a distal end of the delivery device is located distally of a junction between an external carotid artery and a common carotid artery of the subject.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the positioning the delivery device includes positioning the distal end of the delivery device within the other than the internal carotid artery of the subject.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the positioning the delivery device includes positioning the distal end of the delivery device within an internal maxillary artery, a facial artery, a middle meningeal artery, or a supra trochlear artery.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical agent includes a vasodilator, a thrombolytic, an antioxidant, an anti-coagulant, an ACE inhibitor, an antihistamine, a beta blocker, a calcium channel blocker, an NSAID, a corticosteroid, or combinations thereof.

12. A method, comprising:

impeding antegrade blood flow in an internal carotid artery of a subject via a first device, so as to induce retrograde blood flow in an ophthalmic artery of the subject;

positioning a distal end of a second device distally of a junction between an external carotid artery and a common carotid artery of the subject; and

delivering a pharmaceutical agent via the distal end of the second device, to an artery of the subject other than the internal carotid artery in an antegrade direction for passage via an anastomotic pathway into the ophthalmic artery of the subject such that the pharmaceutical agent travels in a retrograde direction, wherein the artery other than the internal carotid artery of the subject is downstream of the external carotid artery of the subject.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the positioning the distal end of the second device includes positioning the distal end of the second device within the artery other than the internal carotid artery of the subject.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the positioning the distal end of the second device includes positioning the distal end of the second device within an internal maxillary artery, a facial artery, a middle meningeal artery, or a supra trochlear artery.

15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the delivering the pharmaceutical agent includes delivering the pharmaceutical agent under pressure.

16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the pharmaceutical agent includes a vasodilator, a thrombolytic, an antioxidant, an anti-coagulant, an ACE inhibitor, an antihistamine, a beta blocker, a calcium channel blocker, an NSAID, a corticosteroid, or combinations thereof.

17. The method of claim 12 , further including treating a blockage, a stenosis, a lesion, plaque, or other physiology in the ophthalmic artery or a junction between the ophthalmic artery and the internal carotid artery.

18. A method, comprising:

impeding antegrade blood flow in an internal carotid artery of a subject via a first device, so as to induce retrograde blood flow into an ophthalmic artery of the subject;

delivering a pharmaceutical agent at an arterial site other than the internal carotid artery in an antegrade direction for passage via an anastomotic pathway into the ophthalmic artery of the subject such that the pharmaceutical agent travels in a retrograde direction, wherein the artery other than the internal carotid artery of the subject is downstream of an external carotid artery of the subject; and

treating a blockage, a stenosis, a lesion, plaque, or other physiology in the ophthalmic artery or a junction between the ophthalmic artery and the internal carotid artery.

19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising, prior to the delivering the pharmaceutical agent, positioning a delivery device such that a distal end of the delivery device is located distally of a junction between the external carotid artery and a common carotid artery.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the positioning the delivery device includes positioning the distal end of the delivery device within an internal maxillary artery, a facial artery, a middle meningeal artery, or a supra trochlear artery.