Piezoelectric device and circuitry
The present disclosure provides a device having a circuit. The circuit includes at least one boost converter receiving power from an energy source, a square wave driver in series with the boost converter, an inductor in series with the square wave driver for converting a square wave to a sinusoidal wave, and a piezoelectric transducer in series with the inductor, the piezoelectric transducer connectable to a load. The device further includes a phase-locked loop coupled to the circuit to determine a resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transducer when the piezoelectric transducer is connected to the load.
1. A cordless device for activating intracanal irrigants during endodontic procedures, the device comprising:
a housing to contain internal components of the device;
a button located on a top of the housing for controlling ultrasonic activation;
a direct current electrical power source contained within the housing;
a printed circuit board assembly located proximate to a midline of the device housing;
an ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer located distally on the device and contained within the housing;
wherein the ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer comprises:
a piezoelectric ceramic stack with a stack first side and a stack second side including a plurality of piezoelectric discs;
a back mass body having a back mass first end and a back mass second end, wherein a series of rings of different radii is interposed between the back mass first and second ends;
a horn for amplifying mechanical vibrations by the piezoelectric ceramic stack; and
a treatment tip located at the body distal end that mechanically mates to the horn of the piezoelectric transducer;
wherein the printed circuit board assembly determines a loaded resonant frequency of the piezoelectric transducer through circuit elements comprising at least one diode;
wherein mechanical vibrations from the ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer are transferred to the intracanal irrigants via the treatment tip to achieve intracanal irrigant activation.
2. The cordless device of claim 1 , further comprising a pump in fluid communication with the treatment tip, wherein the pump is selected from the group consisting of: an elastomeric infusion pump and a piezoelectric pump, wherein the pump is capable of producing flow rates between 0.01 and 20.0 mL per minute through the treatment tip.
3. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric transducer is between 40 and 60 mm in length and has a loaded resonance frequency between 25 and 50 kHz.
4. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the electrical power source is selected from a DC battery, a supercapacitor, a rechargeable battery, a lithium ion battery, and combinations of the same.
5. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the printed circuit board first determines the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric transducer and treatment tip via a phase-lock loop in a feedback loop by identifying where the impedance is a local minimum and the phase is zero; and drives the piezoelectric transducer and treatment tip at the resonant frequency via an AC voltage signal of 100-800V.
6. The cordless device of claim 1 , further comprising a fluid port located on the device in fluid communication with the treatment tip.
7. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the treatment tip is made from stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, plastic composites, or a combination thereof.
8. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the treatment tip is mechanically mated to the horn of the piezoelectric transducer via threads or quick connect means.
9. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the treatment tip is titanium and mechanically mates to the horn of the piezoelectric transducer via threads.
10. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the intracanal irrigant activation results in cavitation within the irrigant.
11. The cordless device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one diode is connected in series with the piezoelectric transducer and arranged to form a junction between the piezoelectric transducer and ground.