Methods of manufacturing electrochromic devices containing a solid-state electrolyte
A method of forming an electrochromic (EC) device includes forming a solid-state first electrolyte layer, after forming the solid-state first electrolyte layer, laminating the first solid-state first electrolyte layer between a transparent first substrate and a transparent second substrate such that a transparent first electrode is disposed between the first substrate and a first side of the solid-state first electrolyte layer, and a transparent second electrode is disposed between the second substrate and a second side of the solid-state first electrolyte layer, and applying a sealant to seal the solid-state first electrolyte layer between the first and second substrates and to form the EC device.
1. A method of forming an electrochromic (EC) device, the method comprising:
forming a first electrode on a transparent first substrate;
dispensing an electrolyte precursor composition to form a precursor layer on the first electrode;
selectively curing only portions of the electrolyte precursor composition to form spacers in the precursor layer;
laminating the first substrate to a transparent second substrate; and
curing the precursor layer to form an electrolyte layer,
wherein the electrolyte precursor composition is a liquid composition comprising polymer network precursors, an ionically conducting phase, and an initiator, and
wherein the selectively curing the precursor composition comprises using a mask to selectively irradiate with ultraviolet light only portions of the precursor composition to form the spacers in the irradiated portions of the precursor layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising disposing a sealant on the perimeter of the first substrate, prior to the dispensing, such that the precursor layer is disposed inside of the sealant.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein:
the sealant is configured to separate the perimeter regions of the first and second substrates; and
the spacers are configured to separate opposing central regions of the first and second substrates.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the polymer network precursors in the selectively irradiated portions of the precursor layer are cross-linked to form solid polymer spacers surrounded by a remainder of the liquid precursor composition in the precursor layer; and
a height of the spacers is substantially the same as a thickness of the sealant taken in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the first substrate.
5. A method of forming an electrochromic (EC) device, the method comprising:
providing a transparent first substrate having a first electrode;
disposing a sealant on a perimeter of the first substrate;
dispensing an electrolyte precursor composition to form a precursor layer on the first electrode after disposing the sealant on the perimeter of the first substrate, such that the precursor layer is disposed inside of the sealant;
laminating the first substrate to a transparent second substrate after dispensing the electrolyte precursor; and
curing the precursor layer by irradiating the precursor layer with ultraviolet light to form an electrolyte layer after the laminating the first substrate to the transparent second substrate.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the sealant is configured to separate the perimeter regions of the first and second substrates.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein:
the electrolyte precursor composition is a liquid composition comprising polymer network precursors, an ionically conducting phase, and an initiator; and
the curing the precursor layer comprises cross-linking the precursor layer.
8. The method of claim 5 , further comprising selectively curing only portions of the electrolyte precursor composition to form spacers in the precursor layer prior to laminating the first substrate to the transparent second substrate.
9. The method of claim 5 , wherein transparent second substrate contains a second electrode thereon.