Light emitting device with phase changing off state white material and methods of manufacture
Light emitting devices (LEDs) are described herein. An LED includes a light emitting semiconductor structure, a wavelength converting material and an off state white material. The light emitting semiconductor structure includes a light-emitting active layer disposed between an n-layer and a p-layer. The wavelength converting material has a first surface adjacent the light emitting semiconductor structure and a second surface opposite the first surface. The off state white material is in direct contact with the second surface of the wavelength converting material and includes multiple core-shell particles disposed in an optically functional material. Each of the core-shell particles includes a core material encased in a polymer or inorganic shell. The core material includes a phase change material.
1. A light emitting device comprising:
a light emitting semiconductor structure;
a wavelength converting structure arranged in an optical path of light emitted by the light emitting semiconductor structure; and
an off state white structure arranged in an optical path of light emitted by or transmitted through the wavelength converting structure, the off state white structure comprising core-shell particles dispersed in a transparent material, each of the core shell particles comprising a core material that includes a phase-change material encased in a shell.
2. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein:
the wavelength converting structure comprises a first surface adjacent the light emitting semiconductor structure and a second surface opposite the first surface; and
the off state white structure is in direct contact with the second surface of the wavelength converting structure.
3. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the off state white structure comprises between 5 percent and 40 percent by volume fraction of the core-shell particles.
4. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of core shell particles has a diameter of between 1 μm and 50 μm.
5. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the core material comprises silicone in a ratio of 50% to 90% silicone to the phase change material by weight.
6. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the core material comprises a nucleation agent.
7. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the phase change material has a melting point of between 43° C. and 100° C.
8. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the phase change material is deuterated.
9. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the phase change material is selected from the group consisting of paraffin, deuterated paraffin, tricosane, deuterated tricosane, docosane, deuterated docosane, hexacosane, deuterated hexacosane, octacosane, and deuterated octacosane.
10. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the shell is a polymer or inorganic shell.
11. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the shell is deuterated.
12. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein:
the wavelength converting structure comprises a first surface adjacent the light emitting semiconductor structure and a second surface opposite the first surface;
the off state white structure is in direct contact with the second surface of the wavelength converting structure; and
the phase change material comprises deuterated paraffin.
13. The light emitting device of claim 12 , wherein the core material comprises silicone in a ratio of 50% to 90% silicone to the phase change material by weight.
14. The light emitting device of claim 12 , wherein the core material comprises a nucleation agent.
15. The light emitting device of claim 12 , wherein the shell is deuterated.
16. A light emitting device comprising:
a light emitting structure; and
an off state white structure arranged in an optical path of light emitted by the light emitting structure and comprising core-shell particles dispersed in a transparent material, each of the core shell particles comprising a core material that includes a phase-change material encased in a shell.
17. The light emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the phase change material has a melting point of between 43° C. and 100° C.
18. The light emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the phase change material is deuterated.
19. The light emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the core material comprises a nucleation agent.
20. The light emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the shell is deuterated.
21. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the light emitting semiconductor structure is a blue light emitting semiconductor structure.
22. The light emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the wavelength converting structure comprises one of a yellow-emitting phosphor material or green-emitting and red- emitting phosphor materials.
23. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the transparent material comprises silicone and the core-shell particles are dispersed in the silicone.
24. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the transparent material comprises a temperature and light resistant matrix and the core-shell particles are embedded in the temperature and light resistant matrix.
25. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the off state white structure is disposed on the wavelength converting structure as a layer or a film.
26. The light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the transparent material forms a lens.