Advanced nut and bolt
A fastener including a bolt having an elongated shank having a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a threaded portion having an external bolt thread, the bolt thread including a bolt pitch. The fastener includes a nut having a first end, a second end opposite the first end of the nut, and an internal nut thread extending between the first and second ends of the nut and adapted to engage threadedly the bolt thread of the bolt. The nut thread includes a nut pitch and a hardness that changes gradationally between the first and second ends of the nut. The bolt pitch of the bolt thread of the bolt is mismatched with the nut pitch of the nut thread of the nut.
1. A nut, comprising:
a first end,
a second end opposite the first end,
an inner periphery extending from the first end to the second end,
an outer periphery extending from the first end to the second end,
a thickness extending from the inner periphery to the outer periphery,
an internal nut thread extending from the first end to the second end,
a first hardness area extending between the first end and a first boundary located intermediate the first and second ends, a second hardness area extending from the first boundary to a second boundary located distal from the first boundary and towards the second end, and a third hardness area extending from the second boundary to the second end,
a hardness, wherein the hardness within the first hardness area includes a first hardness, the hardness within the second hardness area includes a second hardness, and the hardness within the third hardness area includes a third hardness,
wherein the hardness of the nut gradationally changes between the first and second ends but the first hardness is constant about the thickness in the first hardness area, the second hardness is constant about the thickness in the second hardness area, and the third hardness is constant about the thickness in the third hardness area, and
wherein the first hardness is selected from a range of approximately Rb 20 to approximately Rb 100, the second hardness is selected from a range of approximately Rb 20 to approximately Rc 60, and the third hardness is selected from a range of approximately Rc 20 to approximately Rc 60.
2. The nut of claim 1 , wherein the hardness increases gradually from the first end to the second end.
3. The nut of claim 1 , further comprising a flange located at the second end thereof.
4. A fastener, comprising:
a bolt including an elongated shank having a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a threaded portion having an external bolt thread; and
a nut including a first end, a second end opposite the first end of the nut, internal nut thread extending between the first and second ends of the nut and adapted to engage threadedly the bolt thread of the bolt, and wherein the nut includes
an inner periphery extending from the first end of the nut to the second end of the nut,
an outer periphery extending from the first end of the nut to the second end of the nut,
a thickness extending from the inner periphery to the outer periphery,
a first hardness area extending between the first end of the nut and a first boundary located intermediate the first and second ends of the nut, a second hardness area extending from the first boundary to a second boundary located distal from the first boundary and towards the second end of the nut, and a third hardness area extending from the second boundary to the second end of the nut,
a hardness, wherein the hardness within the first hardness area includes a first hardness, the hardness within the second hardness area includes a second hardness, and the hardness within the third hardness area includes a third hardness,
wherein the hardness changes gradationally between the first and second ends of the nut but the first hardness is constant about the thickness in the first hardness area, the second hardness is constant about the thickness in the second hardness area, and the third hardness is constant about the thickness in the third hardness area, and
wherein the first hardness is selected from a range of approximately Rb 20 to approximately Rb 100, the second hardness is selected from a range of approximately Rb 20 to approximately Rc 60, and the third hardness is selected from a range of approximately Rc 20 to approximately Rc 60.
5. The fastener of claim 4 , wherein the nut includes a flange located at the second end thereof.
6. The fastener of claim 4 , wherein the hardness increases gradually from the first end to the second end.