Conversion of biomass into a liquid hydrocarbon material
A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass feedstock is provided. The process comprises: contacting the feedstock with one or more hydropyrolysis catalyst compositions and molecular hydrogen to produce a product stream comprising hydropyrolysis product that is at least partially deoxygenated; hydroconverting said hydropyrolysis product in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalyst compositions to produce a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, wherein one or both of the hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and the hydroconversion catalyst composition is produced in a process comprising incorporating one or more metals selected from those of groups 6, 9, and 10 of the periodic table, into a shaped support; and incorporating one or more coordinating organic compounds into said shaped support, thus forming a catalyst precursor; and then either (i) treating the catalyst precursor in the presence of hydrogen and sulfiding it or (ii) calcining the catalyst precursor.
1. A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass, biomass-containing and/or biomass-derived feedstock, the process comprising the steps of:
a) contacting the feedstock with one or more hydropyrolysis catalyst compositions and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 600° C. and a pressure in the range of from 0.50 to 7.50 MPa, to produce a product stream comprising hydropyrolysis product that is at least partially deoxygenated, H 2 O, H 2 , CO 2 , CO, C 1 -C 3 gases, char and catalyst fines;
b) removing all or a portion of the char and catalyst fines from the product stream;
c) hydroconverting all or a portion of the hydropyrolysis product in a hydroconversion reactor vessel in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalyst compositions and of at least a portion of the H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases,
wherein one or both of the hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and the hydroconversion catalyst composition is an organics-treated catalyst composition comprising one or more metals selected from those of groups 6, 9, and 10 of the periodic table, and one or more coordinating organic compounds, wherein the one or more coordinating compounds are selected from the group of amide compounds, carbonates, long chain amines, organic acids and alpha olefins; and wherein a catalyst precursor to the organics-treated catalyst composition was either (i) subjected to a hydrogen treatment step and sulfidation or (ii) calcined.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst precursor is subjected to a hydrogen treatment step comprising exposing the catalyst precursor to hydrogen gas at a temperature in the range of from 100° C. to 225° C.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the sulfidation is carried out after the catalyst precursor has been subjected to the hydrogen treatment step for a period of time and the hydrogen treatment step continues during sulfidation.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst precursor is dried at a temperature in the range of from 100 to 150° C. and then calcined at a temperature in the range of from 450 to 520° C. in the presence of air or oxygen.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more metals selected from groups 6, 9, and 10 are selected from molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the biomass-containing and/or biomass-derived feedstock comprises a solid selected from the group consisting of lignocellulose, waste plastics, municipal solid waste food waste, cellulosic feedstocks, aquaculture products and combinations thereof.
7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the solid is municipal solid waste containing lignocellulosic material and the biomass-containing or biomass-derived feedstock further comprises a material selected from one or more of woody biomass and agricultural and forestry products and residues thereof.
8. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising condensing the vapour phase product of step c) to provide a liquid phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid and aqueous material and separating said liquid phase product from a gas phase product comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases.
9. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the gas phase product comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases are subjected to a reforming and water-gas shift process in order to produce hydrogen.
10. The process according to claim 9 , wherein the gas phase product is first purified to remove any H 2 S, organic sulfur compounds and NH 3 present before being subjected to the reforming and water-gas shift process.
11. The process according to claim 9 , wherein the hydrogen produced in the reforming and water-gas shift process is used as at least a portion of the molecular hydrogen in step a) or is added to the process in step c).
12. A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass, biomass-containing and/or biomass-derived feedstock, the process comprising the steps of:
a) contacting the feedstock with one or more hydropyrolysis catalyst compositions and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 600° C. and a pressure in the range of from 0.50 to 7.50 MPa, to produce a product stream comprising hydropyrolysis product that is at least partially deoxygenated, H 2 O, H 2 , CO 2 , CO, C 1 -C 3 gases, char and catalyst fines;
b) removing all or a portion of the char and catalyst fines from the product stream;
c) hydroconverting all or a portion of the hydropyrolysis product in a hydroconversion reactor vessel in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalyst compositions and of at least a portion of the H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases,
wherein at least one of the one or more hydropyrolysis catalyst compositions is an organics-treated catalyst composition comprising one or more metals selected from those of groups 6, 9, and 10 of the periodic table, and one or more coordinating organic compounds, wherein the one or more coordinating organic compounds are selected from the group of amide compounds, carbonates, long chain amines, organic acids and alpha olefins; and wherein a catalyst precursor to the organics-treated catalyst composition was either (i) subjected to a hydrogen treatment step and sulfidation or (ii) calcined.
13. The process according to claim 12 , wherein at least one of the one or more hydroconversion catalyst compositions is an organics-treated catalyst composition comprising one or more metals selected from those of groups 6, 9, and 10 of the periodic table, and one or more coordinating organic compounds; and wherein a catalyst precursor to the organics-treated catalyst composition was either (i) subjected to a hydrogen treatment step and sulfidation or (ii) calcined.
14. The process according to claim 12 , wherein the one or more metals selected from groups 6, 9, and 10 are selected from molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof.
15. The process according to claim 12 , further comprising condensing the vapour phase product of step c) to provide a liquid phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid and aqueous material and separating said liquid phase product from a gas phase product comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases.
16. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the gas phase product comprising H 2 , CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases are subjected to a reforming and water-gas shift process in order to produce hydrogen.
17. A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass, biomass-containing and/or biomass-derived feedstock, the process comprising the steps of:
a) contacting the feedstock with one or more hydropyrolysis catalyst compositions and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 600° C. and a pressure in the range of from 0.50 to 7.50 MPa, to produce a product stream comprising hydropyrolysis product that is at least partially deoxygenated, H 2 O, H 2 , CO 2 , CO, C 1 -C 3 gases, char and catalyst fines;
b) removing all or a portion of the char and catalyst fines from the product stream;
c) hydroconverting all or a portion of the hydropyrolysis product in a hydroconversion reactor vessel in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalyst compositions and of at least a portion of the H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases,
wherein at least one of the one or more hydroconversion catalyst compositions is an organics-treated catalyst composition comprising one or more metals selected from those of groups 6, 9, and 10 of the periodic table, and one or more coordinating organic compounds, wherein the one or more coordinating organic compounds are selected from the group of amide compounds, carbonates, long chain amines, organic acids and alpha olefins; and wherein a catalyst precursor to the organics-treated catalyst composition was either (i) subjected to a hydrogen treatment step and sulfidation or (ii) calcined.
18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein at least one of the one or more hydropyrolysis catalyst compositions is an organics-treated catalyst composition comprising one or more metals selected from those of groups 6, 9, and 10 of the periodic table, and one or more coordinating organic compounds; and wherein a catalyst precursor to the organics-treated catalyst composition was either (i) subjected to a hydrogen treatment step and sulfidation or (ii) calcined.
19. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the one or more metals selected from groups 6, 9, and 10 are selected from molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof.