Methods for treating autism spectrum disorder and associated symptoms
The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by restoring an ASD patient's gut microbiota. These methods can be used with ASD patient with or without ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms. Provided here is a method for modulating the abundance of one or more gut microorganisms in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to said subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a fecal microbe preparation to achieve at least a 2-fold change of the abundance of said one or more fecal microorganisms, wherein said one or more gut microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Desulfovibrio, Copprococcus, Clostridium , and Bacteroides.
1. A method for increasing the relative abundance of gut microorganisms in a subject having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), said method comprising treating said subject by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a fecal microbe preparation comprising a community of fecal bacteria from a stool of a human donor, thereby improving one or more ASD symptoms in said subject and causing said subject to exhibit at least a 2-fold increase of the relative abundance of each of Bifidobacterium and Desulfovibrio in the gut of said subject after said treatment as compared to before initiating said treatment.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said method further comprises determining in said subject the relative abundance of said Bifidobacterium and Desulfovibrio.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said one or more ASD symptoms comprise an impairment in sociability.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject exhibits at least a 10% reduction in ASD symptom severity after said treatment as compared to before initiating said treatment, and based on an assessment system selected from the group consisting of Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2-Standard Form (CARS2-ST), Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2-High Functioning (CARS2-HF), Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale II (VABS-II).
5. The method of claim 1 , where said subject exhibits the at least 2-fold increase after 2 or more weeks of initiating said administering of the therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition.
6. The method of claim 1 , where said subject exhibits the at least 2-fold increase for at least 8 weeks after discontinuing said administering of the therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition.
7. The method of claim 1 , where said subject further exhibits one or more GI symptoms prior to initiating said treatment.
8. The method of claim 7 , where said subject exhibits at least a 50% reduction in GI symptom severity based on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) after said treatment as compared to before initiating said treatment.
9. The method of claim 1 , where said treating further comprises administering an antibiotic to said subject prior to administering said pharmaceutical composition.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pharmaceutical composition is administered orally.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fecal microbe preparation is lyophilized.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fecal microbe preparation comprises a non-selected and substantially complete fecal microbiota from a single donor.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fecal microbe preparation comprises a preparation of viable flora in proportional content that resembles a normal healthy human fecal flora and comprises no antibiotic resistant populations.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pharmaceutical composition is formulated as an acid-resistant capsule.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fecal microbe preparation comprises bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus are cultured.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said fecal microbe preparation further comprises a non-selected fecal microbiota.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fecal microbe preparation is spray-dried.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pharmaceutical composition is formulated as acid-resistant microcapsules.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein said pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject with a food or drink.