Processes for preparation of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators
The present disclosure relates to novel processes for the preparation of compounds useful as stimulators of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). These processes are amenable to large scale preparation and produce stable 3-(2-pyrimidinyl)pyrazoles of Formula (I), including Compound (I), Compound (IA) and Compound (IB), in high purity and yields. The present invention has the additional advantage of facile reaction conditions, amenable to scale up for large scale manufacturing. The disclosure also provides novel intermediates useful in the preparation of said compounds.
1. A process for preparing a compound of Formula III:
wherein:
R 1 is unsubstituted phenyl or 5 to 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing up to three ring heteroatoms independently selected from N, O or S;
R 2 is phenyl or a 6-membered heteroaryl, both optionally substituted with up to three instances of R 5 ;
wherein said 6-membered heteroaryl ring contains up to 2 nitrogen ring atoms;
each R 5 is independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or halogen;
R 6 is hydrogen;
R 7 is C 1-6 alkyl substituted with 3 instances of R 8 ; and
the three instances of R 8 are —OH, C 1-3 haloalkyl, and —C(O)NH 2 ;
said process comprising the steps of:
A) coupling an appropriate amount of an amine (13):
with a dichloropyrimidine (7):
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, to yield an intermediate of Formula VII:
B) de-chlorinating the intermediate of Formula VII with hydrogen gas or a transfer hydrogenation reagent and, optionally, an appropriate amount of a suitable metal catalyst, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, in a suitable organic solvent.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula V:
said process comprising
A) coupling an appropriate amount of an amine (13)
with a dichloropyrimidine (7′)
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, to yield an intermediate of Formula VIII:
and
B) de-chlorinating the intermediate of Formula VIII with hydrogen gas or a transfer hydrogenation reagent and, optionally, an appropriate amount of a suitable metal catalyst, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, in a suitable organic solvent.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula VI:
wherein:
R 1 is unsubstituted phenyl, or 5 to 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing up to three ring heteroatoms independently selected from N, O or S;
R 2 is phenyl or a 6-membered heteroaryl, both optionally substituted with up to three instances of R 5 ;
wherein said 6-membered heteroaryl ring contains up to 2 nitrogen ring atoms;
each R 5 is independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or halogen;
said process comprising:
A) coupling an appropriate amount of an amine (14):
with a dichloropyrimidine (7)
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, to yield an intermediate of Formula IX:
and
B) de-chlorinating the intermediate of Formula IX with hydrogen gas or a transfer hydrogenation reagent and, optionally, an appropriate amount of a suitable metal catalyst, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, in a suitable organic solvent.
4. The process according to claim 3 , said process further comprising:
a) treating bromo intermediate 15:
with an appropriate amount of trimethylsilanecarbonitrile, KCN or NaCN in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable organic amine, optionally in the presence of water as the solvent, at a suitable temperature to provide intermediate 16:
b) treating intermediate 16 with an appropriate amount of a strong aqueous mineral acid, at a suitable temperature, to provide intermediate 17
and
c) treating intermediate 17 with an appropriate amount of ammonia, in a suitable protic solvent, at a suitable temperature to provide amine 14.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula III is Compound I:
said process comprising:
A) coupling an appropriate amount of an amine (14):
with a dichloropyrimidine (7′):
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, to yield an intermediate of Formula X:
and
B) de-chlorinating the intermediate of Formula X with hydrogen gas or a transfer hydrogenation reagent and, optionally, an appropriate amount of a suitable metal catalyst, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, in a suitable organic solvent.
6. The process according to claim 5 , said process further comprising:
a) treating bromo intermediate (15):
with an appropriate amount of trimethylsilanecarbonitrile, KCN or NaCN in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable organic amine, optionally in the presence of water as the solvent, at a suitable temperature to provide intermediate (16);
b) treating intermediate (16):
with an appropriate amount of a suitable strong aqueous mineral acid, at a suitable temperature, to provide intermediate (17):
and
c) treating intermediate (17) with an appropriate amount of ammonia, in a suitable protic solvent, at a suitable temperature to provide amine (14).
7. A process for preparing Compound IA:
said process comprising coupling an appropriate amount of amine (14A):
with a chloropyrimidine of Formula IV:
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, wherein amine (14A) is prepared by:
i) reacting intermediate amine (14) with an appropriate amount of (D)-malic acid in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, at a suitable temperature, to provide a 1 to 1 salt of chiral intermediate (18A) and (D)-malic acid:
followed by crystallization to separate said salt from the unreacted enantiomeric amine (14B):
and
ii) heating the (D) malic acid salt obtained in step i), at a suitable temperature, in a suitable solvent, in order to liberate intermediate (14A):
into solution, with loss of acetone.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula III is Compound IA:
said process comprising:
A) coupling an appropriate amount of an amine (14A):
with a dichloropyrimidine (7′):
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, to yield an intermediate of Formula XA:
and
B) de-chlorinating the intermediate of Formula XA with hydrogen gas or a transfer hydrogenation reagent and, optionally, an appropriate amount of a suitable metal catalyst, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, in a suitable organic solvent.
9. The process according to claim 7 for preparing Compound IA:
said process comprising:
a) treating bromo intermediate (15):
with an appropriate amount of trimethylsilanecarbonitrile, KCN or NaCN in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable organic amine, optionally in the presence of water as the solvent, at a suitable temperature to provide intermediate (16):
b) treating intermediate (16) with an appropriate amount of a suitable strong aqueous mineral acid, at a suitable temperature, to provide intermediate (17):
and
c) treating intermediate (17) with an appropriate amount of ammonia, in a suitable protic solvent, at a suitable temperature, to provide amine (14):
d) reacting intermediate amine (14) with an appropriate amount of (D)-malic acid in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, at a suitable temperature, to provide a 1 to 1 salt of chiral intermediate (18A) and (D)-malic acid:
followed by crystallization to separate said salt from the unreacted enantiomeric amine (14B); and
e) heating the (D) malic acid salt obtained in step d), at a suitable temperature, in a suitable solvent, in order to liberate intermediate (14A):
into solution, with loss of acetone, and reacting the resulting solution with an intermediate fluorochloro pyrimidine of Formula IV:
in a suitable solvent, at a suitable temperature, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable amine.
10. A process for preparing Compound IB:
said process comprising coupling an appropriate amount of amine (14B):
with a chloropyrimidine of Formula IV:
in a suitable polar aprotic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, wherein amine (14B) is prepared by:
i) reacting an intermediate amine (14):
with (L)-malic acid, in an aprotic organic solvent, to provide a 1 to 1 salt of chiral intermediate (18B) and (L)-malic acid:
followed by crystallization to separate said salt from the unreacted enantiomeric amine (14A):
and
ii) heating the (L) malic acid salt obtained in step i), in a solvent, in order to liberate intermediate (14B):
into solution, with loss of acetone.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound is Compound IB:
said process comprising:
A) coupling an appropriate amount of an amine (14B):
with a dichloropyrimidine (7′):
in a suitable aprotic organic solvent, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, to yield an intermediate of Formula XB:
and
B) de-chlorinating the intermediate of Formula XB with hydrogen gas or a transfer hydrogenation reagent and, optionally, an appropriate amount of a suitable metal catalyst, in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable base, at a suitable temperature, in a suitable organic solvent.
12. The process according to claim 10 for preparing Compound IB:
said process comprising:
a) treating bromo intermediate (15):
with an appropriate amount of trimethylsilanecarbonitrile, KCN or NaCN in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable organic amine, optionally in the presence of water as the solvent, at a suitable temperature to provide intermediate (16);
b) treating intermediate (16):
with an appropriate amount of a suitable strong aqueous mineral acid, at a suitable temperature, to provide intermediate (17):
and
c) treating intermediate (17) with an appropriate amount of ammonia, in a suitable protic solvent, at a suitable temperature, to provide amine (14):
d) reacting intermediate amine (14) with an appropriate amount of (L)-malic acid, in a suitable aprotic polar solvent, at a suitable temperature, to provide a 1 to 1 salt of chiral intermediate (18B) and (L)-malic acid:
followed by crystallization to separate this salt from the unreacted enantiomeric amine (14A):
and
e) heating the (L) malic acid salt obtained in step d), at a suitable temperature, in a suitable solvent, in order to liberate intermediate (14B)
into solution, with loss of acetone, and reacting the resulting solution with an intermediate fluorochloro pyrimidine of Formula IV
in a suitable solvent, at a suitable temperature, optionally in the presence of an appropriate amount of a suitable organic amine.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein (i) R 1 is a 5-membered heteroaryl ring containing up to three heteroatoms independently selected from N, O or S; (ii) R 1 is isoxazolyl; or (iii) R 1 is 3-isoxazolyl.
14. The process according to claim 1 , wherein (i) R 1 is a 6-membered heteroaryl ring containing up to three ring nitrogen atoms; (ii) R 1 is pyridine or pyrimidine; or (iii) R 1 is phenyl.
15. The process according to claim 1 , wherein R 2 is phenyl optionally substituted with up to three instances of R 5 .
16. The process according to claim 15 , wherein, R 2 is phenyl substituted with one instance of R 5 , wherein R 5 is halogen or R 5 is fluoro.
17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein R 2 is 2-fluorophenyl.
18. The process according to claim 15 , wherein R 2 is phenyl substituted with two instances of R 5 , wherein each instance of R 5 is independently selected from halogen or each instance of R 5 is fluoro.