Integrated coupling device, in particular of the 90° hybrid type
A 90° hybrid inductive-capacitive coupling stage includes two first stage terminals capable of forming two stage inputs or two stage outputs and two second stage terminals capable of respectively forming two stage outputs or two stage inputs. The coupling stage is advantageously modular having a first stage axis of symmetry and a second stage axis of symmetry orthogonal to each other with neighboring inductive metal tracks being overlaid in at least one crossing region to form both an inductive circuit and a capacitive circuit. The metal tracks are coupled to the first stage terminals and to the second stage terminals such that the two first stage terminals are situated on one side of the first stage axis of symmetry and the two second stage terminals are situated on the other side of the first stage axis of symmetry.
1. A hybrid inductive-capacitive coupling stage, comprising:
a first input coupled to receive an input signal;
a second input coupled to a load having an impedance that is connected to ground;
a first output;
a second output;
wherein the first and second outputs are configured to deliver first and second output signals, respectively, from the input signal that phase-shifted by 90° with respect to each other;
a first metal track extending for a first length from a first end, which is coupled to receive the input signal from said first input, to a second end;
a second metal track inductively coupled to and extending parallel and adjacent to the first metal track for said first length from a first end, which is coupled to deliver the first output signal to said first output, to a second end;
a third metal track extending for a second length from a first end, which is coupled to the impedance at said second input, to a second end;
a fourth metal track inductively coupled to and extending parallel and adjacent to the third metal track for said second length from a first end, which is coupled to deliver the second output signal to said second output, to a second end;
wherein said first and second lengths for the first, second, third and fourth metal tracks extend parallel to a first axis of symmetry, with said first and third metal tracks on one side of said first axis of symmetry and said second and fourth metal tracks on an opposite side of said first axis of symmetry;
a fifth metal track extending between the second end of the first metal track and the second end of the fourth metal track;
a sixth metal track extending between the second end of the second track and the second end of the third metal track;
wherein the first and sixth metal tracks are insulated from each other and overlaid in a crossing region to provide a capacitive coupling;
wherein lengths of the fifth and sixth metal tracks are aligned with a second axis of symmetry, said second axis of symmetry being perpendicular to said first axis of symmetry; and
wherein the first and second metal tracks are on one side of the second axis of symmetry and the third and fourth metal tracks are on an opposite side of the second axis of symmetry.
2. The stage as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first and second lengths are identical.
3. The stage as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an adjustment capacitor having a first terminal directly connected to the second end of the first metal track at the fifth metal track and a second terminal directly connected to the second end of the third metal track at the sixth metal track.
4. A hybrid inductive-capacitive coupling stage, comprising:
a first input coupled to receive a first input signal;
a second input coupled to receive a second input signal;
wherein the first and second input signals are phase-shifted by 90° with respect to each other;
a first output configured to deliver an output signal comprising a sum of the first and second input signals;
a second output coupled to a load having an impedance that is connected to ground;
a first metal track extending for a first length from a first end, which is coupled to receive the first input signal from said first input, to a second end;
a second metal track inductively coupled to and extending parallel and adjacent to the first metal track for said first length from a first end, which is coupled to deliver the output signal to said first output, to a second end;
a third metal track extending for a second length from a first end, which is coupled to receive the second input signal from said second input, to a second end;
a fourth metal track inductively coupled to and extending parallel and adjacent to the third metal track for said second length from a first end, which is coupled to the impedance at said second output, to a second end;
wherein said first and second lengths for the first, second, third and fourth metal tracks extend parallel to a first axis of symmetry, with said first and third metal tracks on one side of said first axis of symmetry and said second and fourth metal tracks on an opposite side of said first axis of symmetry;
a fifth metal track extending between the second end of the first metal track and the second end of the fourth metal track;
a sixth metal track extending between the second end of the second track and the second end of the third metal track;
wherein the first and sixth metal tracks are insulated from each other and overlaid in a crossing region to provide a capacitive coupling;
wherein lengths of the fifth and sixth metal tracks are aligned with a second axis of symmetry, said second axis of symmetry being perpendicular to said first axis of symmetry; and
wherein the first and second metal tracks are on one side of the second axis of symmetry and the third and fourth metal tracks are on an opposite side of the second axis of symmetry.
5. The stage as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the first and second lengths are identical.
6. The stage as claimed in claim 3 , further comprising an adjustment capacitor having a first terminal directly connected to the second end of the first metal track at the fifth metal track and a second terminal directly connected to the second end of the third metal track at the sixth metal track.
7. A hybrid inductive-capacitive coupling stage, comprising:
a first terminal coupled to a first load having a first impedance that is connected to ground;
a second terminal coupled to a second load having a second impedance that is connected to ground;
a third terminal coupled to receive an input signal;
a fourth terminal coupled to generate an output signal that is phase shifted relative to the input signal;
a first metal track extending for a first length from a first end coupled to said first terminal to a second end;
a second metal track inductively coupled to and extending parallel and adjacent to the first metal track for said first length from a first end coupled to said third terminal to a second end;
a third metal track extending for a second length from a first end coupled to said second terminal to a second end;
a fourth metal track inductively coupled to and extending parallel and adjacent to the third metal track for said second length from a first end coupled to said fourth terminal to a second end;
wherein said first and second lengths for the first, second, third and fourth metal tracks extend parallel to a first axis of symmetry, with said first and third metal tracks on one side of said first axis of symmetry and said second and fourth metal tracks on an opposite side of said first axis of symmetry;
a fifth metal track extending between the second end of the first metal track and the second end of the fourth metal track;
a sixth metal track extending between the second end of the second track and the second end of the third metal track;
wherein the first and sixth metal tracks are insulated from each other and overlaid in a crossing region to provide a capacitive coupling;
wherein lengths of the fifth and sixth metal tracks are aligned with a second axis of symmetry, said second axis of symmetry being perpendicular to said first axis of symmetry; and
wherein the first and second metal tracks are on one side of the second axis of symmetry and the third and fourth metal tracks are on an opposite side of the second axis of symmetry.
8. The stage as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the first and second lengths are identical.
9. The stage as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising an adjustment capacitor having a first terminal directly connected to the second end of the first metal track at the fifth metal track and a second terminal directly connected to the second end of the third metal track at the sixth metal track.