Method of reducing nitrogen oxide compounds
The invention provides a method of reducing the amount of nitrogen oxide components in a process gas stream comprising: a) contacting a deNO X catalyst with the process gas in the presence of ammonia which results in the conversion of nitrogen oxide components as well as a decline in the NO X conversion over the deNO X catalyst; and b) regenerating the deNO X catalyst to improve the NO X conversion by contacting the deNO X catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 250 to 390° C. with a flow of ammonia that is reduced relative to the flow of ammonia in step a) and process gas, air or a mixture thereof.
1. A method of reducing the amount of nitrogen oxide components in a process gas stream comprising:
a. contacting a deNOx catalyst with the process gas in the presence of ammonia which results in the conversion of nitrogen oxide components as well as a decline in the NOx conversion over the deNOx catalyst; and
b. regenerating the deNOx catalyst to improve the NOx conversion by contacting the deNOx catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 250 to 390° C. with a flow of ammonia that is reduced relative to the flow of ammonia in step a) and process gas, air or a mixture thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein step a) is carried out at a temperature in the range of from 140 to 300° C.
3. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the flow of ammonia in step b) is reduced to less than 50% of the flow of ammonia used in step a).
4. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the flow of ammonia in step b) is reduced to less than 10% of the flow of ammonia used in step a).
5. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the flow of ammonia in step b) is reduced to less than 2% of the flow of ammonia used in step a).
6. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the regeneration is carried out at a temperature in the range of from 260 to 350° C.
7. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the deNOx catalyst is not contacted with process gas.
8. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the NOx is at least partially converted to water and nitrogen.
9. The method of any of claim 1 wherein steam is present in the process gas.
10. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the process gas comprises at least 10 vol % steam.
11. The method of any of claim 1 wherein the process gas comprises at least 20 vol % steam.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein additional steam is added to the process gas.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the process gas additionally comprises sulfur compounds.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the sulfur compounds comprise sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the decline in NOx conversion is at least partially caused by the presence of sulfur and/or sulfur compounds on the deNOx catalyst.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the deNOx catalyst after step a) has a sulfur content of at least 0.6 wt %.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein the sulfur content on the deNOx catalyst is reduced in step b) to less than 0.6 wt %.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein sulfur in the form of ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium bisulfate is removed from the catalyst in step b).
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the regeneration is carried out for a time period of from 5 to 168 hours.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the regeneration is carried out for a time period of from 24 to 48 hours.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the deNOx catalyst comprises one or several of the following elements: titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium or other compounds known to be suitable for the conversion of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and water.
22. A method of regenerating a deNOx catalyst that has been deactivated while contacting the catalyst with a stream comprising process gas and ammonia, comprising: reducing the flow of ammonia and continuing to contact the catalyst with process gas.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the flow of process gas is reduced.
24. The method of claim 22 wherein the ammonia flow is reduced to less than 1%.