Interconnection
An interconnection for a battery comprising a plurality of cells, the interconnection comprising: an electrically insulating substrate having a first face and a second face; a heat sink on the first face of the substrate; and a layer of electrically conducting material on the second face of the substrate, said layer of electrically conducting material providing one or more cell-receiving regions for connection with the plurality of cells.
1. An interconnection for a battery comprising a plurality of cells, the interconnection comprising:
an electrically insulating substrate having a first face and a second face;
a heat sink on the first face of the substrate;
a flow of fluid in proximity to the heat sink;
a layer of electrically conducting material on the second face of the substrate, said layer of electrically conducting material providing a plurality of cell-receiving regions for direct electrical connection with the plurality of cells, wherein the plurality of cell-receiving regions are arranged to allow connection to one or more of the plurality of the cells independently of connection to others of the plurality of cells, and
electrical circuitry mounted on the second face of the substrate and configured to control a state of charge and a temperature of each of the one or more of the plurality of the cells independently of others of the plurality of cells,
wherein the electrical circuitry to control the state of charge and the temperature of each of the one of more of the plurality of cells comprises two or more resistors and one or more temperature gauges mounted on the second face of the electrically insulating substrate, and wherein each resistor is positioned at a location proximate to one of the plurality of cell-receiving regions and generates heat when a current is passed through the each resistor, the heat being conducted to the proximate cell-receiving regions, and
wherein each of the one or more temperature gauges is positioned at a location proximate to one or more of the plurality of cell-receiving regions, and the electrical circuitry controls the current passed through each resistor and the flow of fluid to the heat sink.
2. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the electrically insulating substrate has a thermal conductivity of at least 0.1 W.m −1 .K −1 .
3. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the electrically insulating substrate has a thickness of less than 3 mm.
4. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the layer of electrically conducting material is deposited on the second face of the substrate in discrete cell-receiving regions that are connected to one another by conductive tracks of the electrically conductive material.
5. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the heat sink comprises a layer of metal disposed on the first face of the substrate.
6. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the interconnection comprises a metal clad printed circuit board.
7. A battery comprising:
the interconnection according to claim 1 ; and
the plurality of cells electrically connected to one or more of the plurality of cell-receiving regions of the interconnection.
8. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the cells are lithium sulfur cells.
9. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the cells comprise contact tabs that are connected to the cell-receiving regions of the interconnection.
10. A method of controlling the temperature of the battery according to claim 7 , the method comprising conducting any heat generated in the cells to the cell-receiving regions on the second face of the substrate, and through the substrate to the heat sink, thereby dissipating heat from battery and controlling, by the electrical circuitry comprising the two or more resistors and the one or more temperature gauges mounted on the second face of the substrate, the state of charge of the one or more of the plurality of cells and the temperature of the one or more of the plurality of cells independently to others of the plurality of cells, whereby controlling the temperature of each of the one or more of the plurality of cells comprises:
passing the current through the two or more resistors, and whereby the heat generated in the resistors is used to increase the temperature of the one or more of the cells independently of others of the plurality of cells by conducting the heat generated by the two or more resistors to the proximate cell-receiving regions,
and
increasing the flow of fluid to the heat sink to decrease the temperature of the one or more of the cells through increased cooling of the heat sink.
11. The method of claim 10 , whereby the current is passed through the two or more resistors to reduce any temperature differences between the cells.
12. The method of claim 10 , which comprises drawing a current from one or more of the cells through the two or more resistors mounted on the second face of the substrate to reduce differences in the state of charge of the cells.