Pane arrangement comprising a composite pane having an extended capacitive switching region
A pane arrangement includes a first and second pane joined by an intermediate layer, an electro-optical functional element including a first surface electrode, an electro-optical functional layer, and a second surface electrode, wherein the functional element is arranged between the first and second panes, and the first and second surface electrodes face, respectively, the first and second panes, a sensor electrode arranged between the first surface electrode and the first pane and the sensor electrode is capacitively coupled to the first surface electrode, and a capacitive electronic sensor system electrically connected to the sensor electrode. The sensitivity of the electronic sensor system is selected such that when the outer surface of the first pane is touched above the first surface electrode by a human body part or the human body part approaches the outer surface of the first pane above the first surface electrode, a switching signal is emitted.
1. A pane arrangement comprising:
a first pane and a second pane that are joined to one another by at least one intermediate layer,
an electro-optical functional element, comprising a first surface electrode, an electro-optical functional layer, and a second surface electrode, wherein the electro-optical functional element is arranged between the first pane and the second pane, with the first surface electrode facing the first pane, and the second surface electrode facing the second pane,
a sensor electrode that is arranged between the first surface electrode and the first pane, with the sensor electrode being capacitively coupled to the first surface electrode,
a capacitive electronic sensor system that is electrically connected to the sensor electrode, wherein a sensitivity of the electronic sensor system is selected such that a capacitive switching region for emitting a switching signal is expanded to an area of an orthogonal projection of the first surface electrode on an outer surface of the first pane, and such that when the outer surface of the first pane is touched directly above the sensor electrode or in a complete region above the first surface electrode by a human body part or said human body part approaches the outer surface of the first pane directly above the sensor electrode or in the complete region above the first surface electrode, the switching signal is emitted.
2. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the electro-optical functional element is a planar functional element, whose optical properties are controllable by an electrical voltage signal.
3. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor electrode includes or is made of
a printed and fired electrically conductive paste and/or
an electrically conductive foil and/or
an electrically conductive wire and/or
an electrically conductive layer.
4. The pane arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the sensor electrode consists of an electrically conductive layer, wherein an electrically conductive first subregion is electrically isolated by a coating-free subregion from an electrically conductive surrounding region, and wherein the first subregion and the surrounding region can be electrically connected to an electronic sensor system.
5. The pane arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein a width t 1 of the separating line is from 30 μm to 200 μm.
6. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein an area of the orthogonal projection of the sensor region on the first surface electrode is from 1 cm 2 to 200 cm 2 .
7. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor electrode has a rectangular, square, trapezoidal, triangular, circular, elliptical, or drop-shaped shape or rounded corners.
8. The pane arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the carrier film is transparent.
9. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the first pane and/or the second pane contains or is made of glass, or polymers or mixtures thereof.
10. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive layer and/or the first surface electrode
is transparent and/or
has a sheet resistance of 0.4 ohm/square to 400 ohm/square and/or
contains or is made of silver, indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, or aluminum-doped zinc oxide.
11. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor electrode is arranged in a region of the orthogonal projection of the first surface electrode.
12. The pane arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the sensitivity of the electronic sensor system is selected such that the switching signal, even with touching or approaching, emits no switching signal or a different switching signal.
13. The pane arrangement according to claim 2 , wherein the electro-optical functional layer is an SPD film (SPD=suspended particle device) or a liquid-crystal-containing film, an electrochromic layer system, or an OLED layer system (organic light emitting diode), or a display film.
14. The pane arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein
the printed and fired electrically conductive paste is a silver-containing screen printing paste,
the electrically conductive foil is a copper, silver, gold, or aluminum foil,
the electrically conductive wire is a tungsten, copper, silver, gold, or aluminum wire with electrical insulation,
the electrically conductive layer is arranged directly on the inner surface of the first pane or on a carrier film.
15. The pane arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein the electrically conductive first subregion is electrically isolated by a coating-free separating line.
16. The pane arrangement according to claim 7 , wherein the first subregion of the sensor electrode has a rectangular, square, trapezoidal, triangular, circular, elliptical, or drop-shaped shape or rounded corners.
17. The pane arrangement according to claim 12 , wherein the sensitivity of the electronic sensor system is selected such that the switching signal, even with touching of the outer surface of the second pane above the first surface electrode, emits no switching signal or a different switching signal.
18. A method for producing a pane arrangement according to claim 1 , comprising:
applying an electrically conductive layer on a surface of a carrier film,
introducing at least one separating line, which electrically divides the electrically conductive layer into at least one first subregion of a sensor electrode and at least one surrounding region,
producing a stack sequence comprising a first pane, a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer, and a second pane, wherein
the carrier film is arranged, at least in sections, between the first pane and the first intermediate layer,
an electro-optical functional element at least comprising a first surface electrode is arranged between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, and
the sensor electrode is arranged at least in sections in the region of the orthogonal projection of the first surface electrode, and
laminating the stack sequence,
wherein a sensitivity of an electronic sensor system of the pane arrangement is selected such that a capacitive switching region for emitting a switching signal is expanded to an area of an orthogonal projection of the first surface electrode on an outer surface of the first pane, and such that when the outer surface of the first pane is touched directly above the sensor electrode or in a complete region above the first surface electrode by a human body part or said human body part approaches the outer surface of the first pane directly above the sensor electrode or in the complete region above the first surface electrode, the switching signal is emitted.
19. A method comprising utilizing a pane arrangement according to claim 1 in means of transportation for travel on land, in the air, or on water, as a windshield, rear window, side windows, and/or roof panel as well as a functional individual piece, and as a built-in component in furniture, appliances, and buildings, or as building glazing in the construction sector or the architectural sector indoors or outdoors.
20. A method comprising utilizing a capacitive switching region according to claim 1 for the electrical control of a function inside or outside the pane arrangement.