Optical film for improving contrast ratio, polarizing plate comprising same, and liquid crystal display comprising same
Provided are an optical film for improving a contrast ratio, a polarizing plate comprising same, and a liquid crystal display comprising same, the optical film comprising a base layer and a contrast ratio-improving layer formed on the base layer, wherein the contrast ratio-improving layer comprises a first resin layer and a second resin layer directly formed on the first resin layer, wherein the refractive index of the first resin layer is different from that of the second resin layer, wherein the first resin layer comprises: a plurality of embossed first optical patterns formed to be separated in a first direction; a plurality of embossed second optical patterns formed to intersect with the first optical patterns and be separated in a second direction; and dented parts formed by the intersection of the first optical patterns and the second optical patterns, wherein the dented parts have a height lower than that of the first resin layer.
1. An optical film for improving contrast ratio, including: a base layer; and a contrast ratio improvement layer formed on the base layer,
wherein the contrast ratio improvement layer includes a first resin layer and a second resin layer directly formed on the first resin layer,
the first resin layer and the second resin layer having different refractive indexes,
the first resin layer including a plurality of first optical patterns embossed and spaced from each other in a first direction, a plurality of second optical patterns embossed to intersect the first optical patterns and spaced from each other in a second direction, and a plurality of intaglio portions spaced apart from one another by the first optical patterns and the second optical patterns and recessed from a top part of the first resin layer, an intaglio portion of the plurality of intaglio portions having four planes formed by intersection between the first optical patterns and the second optical patterns, the four planes extending between a bottom surface of the first resin layer and a top surface of the first resin layer,
the intaglio portion having a height less than or equal to a total height of the first resin layer.
2. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein an absolute value of a difference in refractive index between the second resin layer and the first resin layer is in a range from 0.05 to 0.20.
3. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first optical pattern satisfies Equation 1 and has a base angle of 75° to 90°:
1 < P 1 /W 1 ≤ 10 , <Equation 1>
where P 1 is a cycle of the first optical pattern (unit: μm) and W 1 is a maximum width of the first optical pattern (unit: μm).
4. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 3 , wherein the second optical pattern satisfies Equation 2 and has a base angle of 75° to 90°:
1< P 2 /W 2≤10 ≤Equation 2>
where P 2 is a cycle of the second optical pattern (unit: μm) and W 2 is a maximum width of the second optical pattern (unit: μm).
5. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first optical pattern includes a first surface formed at a top part thereof and at least one inclined plane connected to the first surface, the inclined plane having an embossed optical pattern of a flat surface or a curved surface.
6. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 4 , wherein the first surface is a flat surface and is parallel to a bottom surface of the intaglio portion.
7. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 5 , wherein the second optical pattern includes a second surface formed at a top part thereof and at least one inclined plane connected to the second surface, the inclined plane having an embossed optical pattern of a flat surface or a curved surface.
8. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 7 , wherein the second surface is a flat surface and is parallel to a bottom surface of the intaglio portion.
9. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first optical patterns and the second optical patterns has an aspect ratio of 0.3 to 3.0.
10. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first optical patterns and the second optical patterns intersect at an angle of 80° to 100°.
11. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first optical patterns and the second optical patterns intersect at 90° and the first resin layer forms a lattice pattern.
12. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin layer has an area ratio of 45% to 85%, as represented by Equation 3:
Area ratio={1−(( P 1− A 1)×( P 2− A 2))/( P 1 x P 2)}×100, <Equation 3>
where P 1 is a cycle of the first optical pattern (unit: μm),
P 2 is a cycle of the second optical pattern (unit: μm),
A 1 is a maximum width of a top part of the first optical pattern (unit: μm), and
A 2 is a maximum width of a top part of the second optical pattern (unit: μm).
13. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the second resin layer includes a filling pattern at least partially filling the intaglio portion, the filling pattern of the second resin layer being formed in a dot shape.
14. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the intaglio portion is 10% to 90% of the total height of the first resin layer.
15. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin layer, the second resin layer and the base layer are sequentially stacked, and the base layer is directly formed on the second resin layer.
16. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the first resin layer has a lower refractive index than the second resin layer.
17. The optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 , wherein the base layer has an in-plane retardation Re of 8,000 nm or more at a wavelength of 550 nm, as represented by Equation A:
Re ═( nx−ny ) ×d, <Equation A>
where nx and ny are refractive indexes at a wavelength of 550 nm in the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction of the base layer, respectively, and d is a thickness of the base layer (unit:nm).
18. A polarizing plate including the optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 .
19. The polarizing plate according to claim 18 , including: a first protective layer; a polarizer; a second protective layer, an adhesive/bonding layer, and the optical film for improving contrast ratio sequentially formed in the stated order.
20. The polarizing plate according to claim 18 , including: a first protective layer; a polarizer; a second protective layer, and the optical film for improving contrast ratio sequentially formed in the stated order, the second protective layer directly adjoining the optical film for improving contrast ratio.
21. The polarizing plate according to claim 20 , wherein the first resin layer of the optical film is formed of an adhesive/bonding resin.
22. The polarizing plate according to claim 18 , including: a first protective layer; a polarizer; an adhesive/bonding layer; and the optical film for improving contrast ratio sequentially formed in the stated order.
23. The polarizing plate according to claim 18 , including: a first protective layer; a polarizer; and the optical film for improving contrast ratio sequentially formed in the stated order, the polarizer directly adjoining the optical film for improving contrast ratio.
24. The polarizing plate according to claim 23 , wherein the first resin layer of the optical film for improving contrast ratio is formed of an adhesive/bonding resin.
25. A liquid crystal display including the optical film for improving contrast ratio according to claim 1 .