Direct thermal recording media based on selective change of state
Direct thermal recording media are designed to operate based on a thermally-induced change of state rather than a thermally-induced chemical reaction between a leuco dye and an acidic developer. The media use two types of solid scattering particles, one of which changes its state from solid to liquid during printing, and the other of which does not. The former particles, upon melting, fill spaces between the latter particles, thus eliminating or substantially reducing light scattering, which makes an underlying colorant visible at selected print locations where heat is locally applied. The media can provide high quality thermally-produced images at print speeds at least as high as 10 inches per second (ips).
1. A recording medium, comprising:
a substrate;
a first light-scattering layer carried by the substrate and including first solid scattering particles having a first melting point;
a thermal insulating layer and a colorant disposed between the substrate and the first light-scattering layer; and
a plurality of second solid scattering particles proximate the first light-scattering layer, the second solid scattering particles having a second melting point lower than the first melting point;
wherein the first light-scattering layer is porous, the first solid scattering particles and the second solid scattering particles are not chemically reactive, and the second solid scattering particles are disposed to, upon melting, fill spaces between the first solid scattering particles.
2. The medium of claim 1 , wherein applying sufficient heat at selected print locations to a side of the recording medium on which the first light-scattering layer resides causes the second solid scattering particles, but not the first solid scattering particles, to melt at the selected print locations, such that the second solid scattering particles, upon melting, fill spaces between the first solid scattering particles to render the first light-scattering layer substantially transparent in the selected print locations.
3. The medium of claim 2 , wherein the colorant becomes visible at the selected print locations but remains obscured by other portions of the first light-scattering layer.
4. The medium of claim 1 , wherein a print quality of the recording medium when used with a thermal printer energy setting of 11.7 mJ/mm 2 at a print speed of 6 inches per second (ips) is characterized by an ANSI value of at least 1.5.
5. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first solid scattering particles have a first average size in a range from 0.2 to 1 micrometer, and the second solid scattering particles have a second average size which is also in the range from 0.2 to 1 micrometer.
6. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second melting point is in a range from 80 to 150° C., and wherein the first melting point is at least 50° C. greater than the second melting point.
7. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second solid scattering particles are dispersed throughout the first light-scattering layer.
8. The medium of claim 7 , wherein the first solid scattering particles, the second solid scattering particles, and a binder make up at least 95% total dry solids of the first light-scattering layer.
9. The medium of claim 8 , wherein the first light-scattering layer consists essentially of the first solid scattering particles, the second solid scattering particles, the binder, and an optional lubricant.
10. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first light-scattering layer is exposed to air and contains hollow particles from 5% to 20% total dry solids.
11. The medium of claim 1 , further comprising:
a topcoat exposed to air, and disposed directly or indirectly on the first light-scattering layer.
12. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first light-scattering layer contains substantially no hollow particles.
13. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first light-scattering layer is substantially devoid of leuco dyes and acidic developers.
14. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second solid scattering particles are disposed in a second light-scattering layer adjacent the first light-scattering layer.
15. The medium of claim 14 , wherein the first and second light-scattering layers are both substantially devoid of leuco dyes and acidic developers.
16. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second solid scattering particles comprise a non-polymeric crystalline organic material.
17. The medium of claim 16 , wherein the second solid scattering particles comprise at least one of diphenyl sulfone (DPS), diphenoxyethane (DPE), ethylene glycol m-tolyl ether (EGTE), and β-naphthylbenzylether (BON).
18. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first solid scattering particles are polymeric or inorganic.
19. The medium of claim 18 , wherein the first solid scattering particles comprise at least one of aluminum trihydrate (ATH), calcium carbonate, polyethylene, polystyrene, and silica.
20. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first solid scattering particles are not soluble in acetone.
21. The medium of claim 1 , wherein neither the first solid scattering particles nor the second solid scattering particles contain any chemical functional group.
22. The medium of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the first solid scattering particles to the second solid scattering particles, measured in terms of total dry solids, is in a range from 1 to 3.
23. The medium claim 1 , wherein the first solid scattering particles have a drupelet morphology.
24. A recording medium, comprising:
a substrate;
a light-scattering layer carried by the substrate, the light-scattering layer being substantially devoid of leuco dyes and acidic developers, the light-scattering layer including first solid scattering particles and second solid scattering particles that are not chemically reactive; and
a thermal insulating layer and a colorant disposed between the substrate and the light-scattering layer;
wherein the recording medium is configured for use with a thermal printer, and wherein a print quality of the recording medium when used with a thermal printer energy setting of 11.7 mJ/mm 2 at a print speed of 6 inches per second (ips) is characterized by an ANSI value of at least 1.5.
25. A recording medium, comprising:
a flexible substrate;
a light-scattering layer carried by the substrate and including first solid scattering particles having a first melting point and second solid scattering particles having a second melting point, the light-scattering layer being porous and substantially devoid of leuco dyes and acidic developers; and
a thermal insulating layer and a colorant disposed between the substrate and the light-scattering layer;
wherein the first solid scattering particles and the second solid scattering particles are not chemically reactive;
wherein the second melting point is at least 80° C. and the first melting point is at least 50° C. greater than the second melting point; and
wherein the recording medium is configured for use with a thermal printer to provide thermally-induced images resulting from selective melting of the second solid scattering particles to fill spaces between the first solid scattering particles, and wherein a print quality of the recording medium when used with a thermal printer energy setting of 11.7 mJ/mm 2 at a print speed of 6 inches per second (ips) is characterized by an ANSI value of at least 1.5.
26. A recording medium, comprising:
a flexible substrate;
a first light-scattering layer carried by the substrate and including first solid scattering particles having a first melting point, the first light-scattering layer being porous;
a second light-scattering layer including second solid scattering particles having a second melting point, the second light-scattering layer being disposed proximate the first light-scattering layer; and
a thermal insulating layer and a colorant disposed between the first light-scattering layer and the substrate;
wherein the second melting point is at least 80° C. and the first melting point is at least 50° C. greater than the second melting point;
wherein the first and second light-scattering layers are substantially devoid of leuco dyes and acidic developers; and
wherein the recording medium is configured for use with a thermal printer to provide thermally-induced images resulting from selective melting of the second solid scattering particles to fill spaces between the first solid scattering particles, and wherein a print quality of the recording medium when used with a thermal printer energy setting of 11.7 mJ/mm 2 at a print speed of 6 inches per second (ips) is characterized by an ANSI value of at least 1.5.