Wafer bonding for laser lift-off

1. A method, comprising:

forming an epitaxial structure of a light emitting diode (LED) on a growth substrate, a first side of the epitaxial structure facing the growth substrate;

attaching a second side of the epitaxial structure opposite the first side with a gallium-based layer and a lift-off substrate, the gallium-based layer between the epitaxial structure and the lift-off substrate;

separating the growth substrate from the first side of the epitaxial structure;

applying light to the gallium-based layer through the lift-off substrate to form a gallium material from a first portion of the gallium-based layer, the formed gallium material being between a second portion of the gallium-based layer and the lift-off substrate;

heating the gallium material to debond the second portion of the gallium-based layer and the lift-off substrate; and

separating the lift-off substrate from the second portion of the gallium-based layer to expose a light emitting surface of the LED on the second portion of the gallium-based layer.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the epitaxial structure includes:

forming a first cladding on the growth substrate;

forming an active layer on the first cladding; and

forming a second cladding on the active layer, the first cladding being oppositely doped to the second cladding.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth substrate is non-transparent for the light and the lift-off substrate is transparent for the light.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein:

the light includes ultraviolet (UV) light;

the growth substrate includes a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate or a silicon substrate; and

the lift-off substrate includes a sapphire substrate, a glass substrate, or multiple UV-transparent layers.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein attaching the second side of the epitaxial structure with the gallium-based layer and a lift-off substrate includes:

forming the gallium-based layer on the lift-off substrate; and

attaching the second side of the epitaxial structure with the gallium-based layer using a bonding layer.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the bonding layer and the gallium-based layer is transparent for light emitted from the epitaxial structure.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the bonding layer includes an oxide.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, subsequent to separating the growth substrate from the first side of the epitaxial structure:

etching the epitaxial structure from the first side to form a mesa and a base;

forming a dielectric layer and a first contact on the mesa; and

forming a second contact on the base.

9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising, subsequent to forming the first contact and the second contact, attaching the epitaxial structure with the carrier substrate, the first contact and the second contact at the first side of the epitaxial structure facing the carrier substrate.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the light is applied to the gallium-based layer, the gallium material is heated, and the lift-off substrate is separated from the second portion of the gallium-based layer while the epitaxial structure is attached with the carrier substrate.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gallium-based layer includes gallium nitride (GaN).

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LED is a micro-LED.

13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising placing the LED including the epitaxial structure and the second portion of the gallium-based layer on a display substrate of the electronic display.