Method and apparatus for detecting micro short circuit of battery

1. A method performed by a terminal device for detecting a micro short circuit of a battery, wherein the terminal device comprises at least one processor and a memory, the method comprising:

obtaining, by the at least one processor, a first reference charge capacity at a first charging end moment and a second reference charge capacity at a second charging end moment of a to-be-detected single battery comprised in a to-be-detected battery pack, wherein the first reference charge capacity is a difference between an electric quantity of the to-be-detected single battery and an electric quantity of a reference single battery at the first charging end moment, the second reference charge capacity is a difference between an electric quantity of the to-be-detected single battery and an electric quantity of a reference single battery at the second charging end moment; and the reference single battery is a single battery, which has a largest voltage value at a charging end moment, in all single batteries comprised in the to-be-detected battery pack; and

determining, by the at least one processor, based on a difference between the first reference charge capacity and the second reference charge capacity, that a micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the determining that a micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery comprises:

calculating, by the at least one processor, the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity, and calculating a time length between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment;

determining, by the at least one processor, a ratio of the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity to the time length as a leakage current value of the to-be-detected single battery; and

if the leakage current value is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold, determining, by the at least one processor, that the micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the obtaining a first reference charge capacity at a first charging end moment and a second reference charge capacity at a second charging end moment comprises:

determining, by the at least one processor, a first remaining charging time of the to-be-detected single battery at the first charging end moment and a second remaining charging time of the to-be-detected single battery at the second charging end moment; and

calculating, by the at least one processor, based on a charging current of the to-be-detected single battery, the first reference charge capacity corresponding to the first remaining charging time and the second reference charge capacity corresponding to the second remaining charging time, wherein

the first remaining charging time is a required charging duration corresponding to a first voltage difference between the to-be-detected single battery and the reference single battery at the first charging end moment; and

the second remaining charging time is a required charging duration corresponding to a second voltage difference between the to-be-detected single battery and the reference single battery at the second charging end moment.

4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the determining a first remaining charging time of the to-be-detected single battery at the first charging end moment and a second remaining charging time of the to-be-detected single battery at the second charging end moment comprises:

determining, by the at least one processor, a first reference single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack based on a voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack obtained at the first charging end moment;

searching, by the at least one processor, on a first charging voltage curve of the first reference single battery, for a first moment corresponding to a first voltage value of the to-be-detected single battery at the first charging end moment, using a time difference Δt 0 between the first moment and the first charging end moment as the first remaining charging time;

determining, by the at least one processor, a second reference single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack based on a voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack obtained at the second charging end moment; and

searching, by the at least one processor, on a second charging voltage curve of the second reference single battery, for a second moment corresponding to a second voltage value of the to-be-detected single battery at the second charging end moment, using a time difference Δt 1 between the second moment and the second charging end moment as the second remaining charging time.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the calculating the first reference charge capacity corresponding to the first remaining charging time and the second reference charge capacity corresponding to the second remaining charging time comprises:

calculating, by the at least one processor, a first integral of the charging current of the to-be-detected single battery in Δt 0 to obtain a first integral value, and scaling up/down the first integral value based on a preset battery capacity ratio to obtain the first reference charge capacity; and

calculating, by the at least one processor, a second integral of the charging current of the to-be-detected single battery in Δt 1 to obtain a second integral value, and scaling up/down the second integral value based on the preset battery capacity ratio to obtain the second reference charge capacity.

6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the time length between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment comprises at least one consecutive or non-consecutive battery charging period, wherein

the battery charging period is duration between two adjacent charging end moments of the to-be-detected battery pack.

7. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the to-be-detected single battery is any one of at least one single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack; and

wherein the method further comprises:

calculating, by the at least one processor, a leakage current value of another single battery comprised in the to-be-detected battery pack, and calculating a first average value of a leakage current value of all of the at least one single battery; and

determining, by the at least one processor, based on the first average value, that a leakage current value of a target single battery of the at least one single battery needs to be corrected in response to determining that the leakage current value of the target single battery is less than a first preset current threshold.

8. The method according to claim 7 , further comprises:

if the first average value is less than a second preset current threshold, obtaining a leakage current value of at least one target single battery of the at least one single battery; and

calculating, by the at least one processor, a second average value of the leakage current value of the at least one target single battery, and adjusting a leakage current value of each target single battery based on the second average value to obtain a corrected leakage current value of each target single battery.

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the determining that a micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery comprises:

calculating, by the at least one processor, the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity, and calculating a time length between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment;

determining, by the at least one processor, a ratio of the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity to the time length as a leakage current value of the to-be-detected single battery;

calculating, by the at least one processor, an average voltage value, over the time length, of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack, and determining a micro short circuit resistance of the to-be-detected single battery based on the leakage current value; and

if the micro short circuit resistance is less than a preset resistance threshold, determining, by the at least one processor, that the micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the calculating an average voltage value, over the time length, of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack comprises:

collecting, by the at least one processor, a voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack at each of N voltage sampling moments between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment, wherein a duration between two adjacent voltage sampling moments of the N voltage sampling moments is less than or equal to a preset voltage sampling period, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

sequentially calculating, by the at least one processor, a first average voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack at a K th voltage sampling moment in every two adjacent voltage sampling moments, and a second average voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack at a (K−1) th voltage sampling moment;

scaling up/down, by the at least one processor, the first average voltage value and the second average voltage value based on a preset filtering coefficient, and adding up a first scaled value of the first average voltage value and a second scaled value of the second average voltage value to obtain an average voltage value at the K th voltage sampling moment; and

when K is equal to N, determining, by the at least one processor, the average voltage value at the K th voltage sampling moment as the average voltage value over the time length.

11. A terminal device for detecting a micro short circuit of a battery, comprising:

at least one processor; and

a memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing programming instructions for execution by the at least one processor, the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

obtaining a first reference charge capacity at a first charging end moment and a second reference charge capacity at a second charging end moment of a to-be-detected single battery comprised in a to-be-detected battery pack, wherein the first reference charge capacity is a difference between an electric quantity of the to-be-detected single battery and an electric quantity of a reference single battery at the first charging end moment, the second reference charge capacity is a difference between an electric quantity of the to-be-detected single battery and an electric quantity of a reference single battery at the second charging end moment; and the reference single battery is a single battery, which has a largest voltage value at a charging end moment, in all single batteries comprised in the to-be-detected battery pack; and

determining, based on a difference between the first reference charge capacity and the second reference charge capacity, that a micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery.

12. The terminal device according to claim 11 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

calculating the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity, and

calculating a time length between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment;

determining a ratio of the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity to the time length as a leakage current value of the to-be-detected single battery; and

if the leakage current value is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold, determining that the micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery.

13. The terminal device according to claim 12 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

determining a first remaining charging time of the to-be-detected single battery at the first charging end moment and a second remaining charging time of the to-be-detected single battery at the second charging end moment;

calculating, based on a charging current of the to-be-detected single battery, the first reference charge capacity corresponding to the first remaining charging time and the second reference charge capacity corresponding to the second remaining charging time, wherein

the first remaining charging time is a required charging duration corresponding to a voltage difference between the to-be-detected single battery and the reference single battery at the first charging end moment; and

the second remaining charging time is a required charging duration corresponding to a voltage difference between the to-be-detected single battery and the reference single battery at the second charging end moment.

14. The terminal device according to claim 13 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

determining a first reference single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack based on a voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack obtained at the first charging end moment;

searching, on a first charging voltage curve of the first reference single battery, for a first moment corresponding to a first voltage value, wherein the first voltage value is a voltage value of the to-be-detected single battery at the first charging end moment; and use a time difference Δt 0 between the first moment and the first charging end moment as the first remaining charging time;

determining a second reference single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack based on a voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack obtained at the second charging end moment; and

searching, on a second charging voltage curve of the second reference single battery, for a second moment corresponding to a second voltage value, wherein the second voltage value is a voltage value of the to-be-detected single battery at the second charging end moment; and use a time difference Δt 1 between the second moment and the second charging end moment as the second remaining charging time.

15. The terminal device according to claim 14 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

calculating a first integral of the charging current of the to-be-detected single battery in Δt 0 to obtain a first integral value, and scale up/down the first integral value based on a preset battery capacity ratio to obtain the first reference charge capacity; and

calculating a second integral of the charging current of the to-be-detected single battery in Δt 1 to obtain a second integral value, and scale up/down the second integral value based on the preset battery capacity ratio to obtain the second reference charge capacity.

16. The terminal device according to claim 15 , wherein the time length between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment comprises at least one consecutive or non-consecutive battery charging period, wherein

the battery charging period is duration between two adjacent charging end moments of the to-be-detected battery pack.

17. The terminal device according to claim 12 , wherein the to-be-detected single battery is any one of at least one single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack;

the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

calculating a leakage current value of another single battery comprised in the to-be-detected battery pack, and calculate a first average value of a leakage current value of all of the at least one single battery;

determining, based on the first average value, that a leakage current value of a target single battery of the at least one single battery needs to be corrected, in response to determining that the leakage current value of the target single battery is less than a first preset current threshold.

18. The terminal device according to claim 17 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

when the first average value is less than a second preset current threshold, obtaining a leakage current value of at least one target single battery of the at least one single battery; calculating a second average value of the leakage current value of the at least one target single battery, and adjusting a leakage current value of each target single battery based on the second average value to obtain a corrected leakage current value of each target single battery.

19. The terminal device according to claim 11 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

calculating the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity,

calculating a time length between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment;

determining a ratio of the difference between the second reference charge capacity and the first reference charge capacity to the time length as a leakage current value of the to-be-detected single battery;

calculating an average voltage value, over the time length, of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack, and

determining micro short circuit resistance of the to-be-detected single battery based on the leakage current value; and

if the micro short circuit resistance is less than a preset resistance threshold, determining that a micro short circuit occurs in the to-be-detected single battery.

20. The terminal device according to claim 19 , wherein the programming instructions instruct the at least one processor to perform the following operations:

collecting a voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack at each of N voltage sampling moments between the second charging end moment and the first charging end moment, wherein a duration between two adjacent voltage sampling moments of the N voltage sampling moments is less than or equal to a preset voltage sampling period, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

sequentially calculating a first average voltage value of a voltage value, collecting of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack at a K th voltage sampling moment in every two adjacent voltage sampling moments, and a second average voltage value of each single battery in the to-be-detected battery pack at a (K−1) th voltage sampling moment;

scaling up/down the first average voltage value and the second average voltage value based on a preset filtering coefficient, and add up a first scaled value of the first average voltage value and a second scaled value of the second average voltage value to obtain an average voltage value at the K th voltage sampling moment; and

when K is equal to N, determining the average voltage value at the K th voltage sampling moment as the average voltage value over the time length.