Optical module for terabit switch
A switch module includes a switch integrated circuit (IC), a photonic integrated circuit (PIC), and a planar lightwave circuit (PLC). The PIC may include a plurality of light sources, an optical splitter, and a plurality of modulators. A dual MEMS may be used to align lens arrays, which may be used to couple light from the PIC to the PLC.
1. A switch module, comprising:
a switch integrated circuit (IC) chip including a switch for routing switch inputs to switch outputs of the switch IC chip;
a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) comprising:
a plurality of light sources for providing light;
an optical splitter having a plurality of splitter inputs and splitter outputs for use in splitting light provided by each of the plurality of light sources to the plurality of splitter outputs; and
a plurality of modulators for modulating light received from the plurality of splitter outputs of the optical splitter and for providing modulated optical signals;
a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) optically coupled to the PIC and positioned to receive the modulated optical signals, the PLC configured to combine the modulated signals into a plurality of optical outputs;
wherein outputs of the switch IC chip are coupled to the plurality of modulators.
2. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the PIC further comprises semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), each of the SOAs coupled to one of the plurality of modulators and positioned along a path of the one of the plurality of modulators.
3. The switch module of claim 2 , wherein each of the SOAs is positioned before or after the one of the plurality of modulators.
4. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of light sources are oriented perpendicular to the plurality of modulators.
5. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the PLC includes arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) and waveguides.
6. The switch module of claim 5 , wherein the waveguides include bends, the bends comprising silicon nitride material.
7. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein only one of the plurality of light sources is activated at any given time.
8. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the optical splitter is a multimode interference (MMI) coupler, or a star coupler.
9. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of light sources comprise lasers.
10. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of modulators comprise Mach-Zehnder, electro-absorption or plasma effect modulators.
11. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of light sources comprise redundant lasers.
12. The switch module of claim 1 further comprising microstrip lines routed along a surface of the PLC for conveying electrical signals from the PLC to a transimpedance amplifier (TIA).
13. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the coupling of the PLC to the PIC is performed using MEMS, the MEMS configured to hold and align an array of lenses and including a holder for holding the array of lenses, the holder coupled to first, second, third, and fourth adjustment arms.
14. The switch module of claim 13 , wherein the first and second arms are manipulable so as to move the holder about an x-axis and the third and fourth arms are manipulable so as to move the holder about a y-axis.
15. The switch module of claim 1 , wherein the optical splitter splits the light provided by each of the plurality of light sources to a splitter output for each of the plurality of modulators.
16. A switch module, comprising:
a plurality of photonic integrated circuit (PICs), each of the PICs comprising:
a plurality of light sources for generating light,
an optical splitter having splitter inputs and splitter outputs and configured to split light generated by each of the plurality of light sources, and
a plurality of modulators, with each of the plurality of modulators configured to modulate light provided by one of the splitter outputs to generate a modulated optical signal;
a plurality of stacked planar lightwave circuit (PLCs) optically coupled to the PICs,
wherein each PLC is configured to combine modulated optical signals from the plurality of modulators into an optical signal,
wherein a first length of a first PLC of the plurality of stacked PLCs is greater than a second length of a second PLC of the plurality of stacked PLCs, and
wherein the second PLC is stacked on top of the first PLC.
17. The switch module of claim 16 further comprising an optical connector for forming optical connections between the plurality of stacked PLCs and optical fibers, the optical connector including a lens array having a plurality of rows and configured to pass light between the plurality of stacked PLCs and the optical fibers.
18. The switch module of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of stacked PLCs consist of two vertically stacked PLCs and the lens array includes two rows of lenses with four lenses per row.
19. The switch module of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of stacked PLCs are four vertically stacked PLCs and the lens array includes four rows of lenses with four lenses per row.
20. The switch module of claim 19 , wherein the microstrip or CPW transmission lines include 32 transmission lines.
21. The switch module of claim 16 , wherein a surface of each of the plurality of stacked PLCs is coupled to microstrip or coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines, the microstrip or CPW transmission lines configured to convey electrical signals from each of the PLCs to a transimpedance amplifier (TIA).
22. The switch module of claim 16 , wherein the first PLC comprises a first photodetector positioned on top of the first PLC and the second PLC comprises a second photodetector positioned on top of the second PLC, wherein the first photodetector and the second photodetector are not stacked above one another.
23. The switch module of claim 16 , wherein the second PLC comprises a track for conveying an electrical signal, and wherein the track is positioned over a top surface of the first PLC to an edge of the first PLC.