Displacement sensing to localize movement
A controller is formed as an array of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas that are placed on the skin of a user so that the underlying movement of the user's skin can be measured by the interaction of the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and receiving antennas are located in an area proximate to the wrist. The movement of the transmitting antennas and subsequent measurement of signals received by receiving antennas are used in order to determine position and pose of the hand and its digits.
1. An apparatus comprising:
at least one transmitting antenna;
at least one receiving antenna;
at least one substrate coupled to the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the substrate being adapted to:
substantially conform to a skin surface of a body part of a wearer;
flex in response to deformations of the skin surface; and
enable an orientation of the transmitting antenna relative to the receiving antenna to change in response to the deformations of the skin surface; and
at least one physical processor adapted to:
determine at least one value of at least one signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna and received by the receiving antenna during a first time period;
determine at least one additional value of at least one additional signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna and received by the receiving antenna during a second time period; and
use a difference between the value and the additional value to infer a deformation of the skin surface corresponding to a change to the orientation of the transmitting antenna relative to the receiving antenna.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the body part is a wrist area.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the deformation of the skin surface provides information regarding a movement and a position of a hand of the wearer.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the physical processor is further adapted to determine a movement of the wearer corresponding to the deformation.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the deformations of the skin surface comprise one or more of expansions, contractions, or shifts in the skin surface caused by muscle, ligament, or bone movement.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate encircles the body part when placed thereon.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are randomly distributed when placed on the body part.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the body part is the wearer's neck.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate forms a plurality of strips on which the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are placed.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is formed from a flexible material.
11. An apparatus comprising:
multiple antennas;
a flexible substrate coupled to the multiple antennas, the flexible substrate being adapted to:
substantially conform to a skin surface of a wrist of a wearer;
deform in response to deformations of the skin surface; and
enable an orientation of a first one or more of the multiple antennas relative to a second one or more of the multiple antennas to change in response to the deformations of the skin surface; and
at least one physical processor adapted to:
determine at least one value of at least one signal transmitted or received by the multiple antennas during a first time period;
determine at least one additional value of at least one additional signal transmitted or received by the multiple antennas during a second time period; and
use a difference between the value and the additional value to infer at least one of a movement, a position, or a pose of the wearer's hand corresponding to a deformation of the skin surface of the wearer's wrist and a resulting change to the orientation of the first one or more of the multiple antennas relative to the second one or more of the multiple antennas.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the at least one physical processor is adapted to use the difference between the value and the additional value to infer the movement of the wearer's hand.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the at least one physical processor is adapted to use the difference between the value and the additional value to infer the position the wearer's hand.
14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the multiple antennas are formed as an array on the flexible substrate.
15. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the multiple antennas form rows on the flexible substrate.
16. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the multiple antennas are positioned to encircle the wearer's wrist when worn.
17. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the multiple antennas are randomly distributed on the flexible substrate.
18. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the flexible substrate is formed as a plurality of strips.
19. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the flexible substrate is formed from a flexible material.
20. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the at least one physical processor is adapted to use the difference between the value and the additional value to infer the pose of the wearer's hand.