Electric vehicle induction machine
Provided herein are systems, apparatuses, and methods of providing a centrifugally cast rotor assembly for an induction motor of an electric vehicle. The rotor assembly includes a rotor lamination stack with a cylindrical shape that terminates in a first end surface and a second end surface. The rotor lamination stack has multiple lamination discs, and each lamination disc has multiple rotor slots. The rotor assembly further includes copper bars disposed within the rotor slots, a first intermediary end ring disposed at the first end surface, and a second intermediary end ring disposed at the second end surface. A centrifugally cast first copper end ring that electrically and mechanically couples each of the copper bars is located proximate the first end surface, and a centrifugally cast second copper end ring that electrically and mechanically couples each of the copper bars is located proximate the second end surface.
1. A rotor assembly for an induction motor of an electric vehicle, comprising:
a rotor lamination stack having a cylindrical shape that defines a central axis, the rotor lamination stack terminates in a first end surface and a second end surface,
a central axial bore extends from the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack to the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
the rotor lamination stack has a plurality of lamination discs, each of the plurality of lamination discs having a plurality of rotor slots;
a plurality of copper bars disposed within the plurality of rotor slots, each of the plurality of copper bars extends beyond the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack and beyond the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
a first intermediary end ring disposed at the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack, the first intermediary end ring having multiple rotor slots;
a second intermediary end ring disposed at the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack, the second intermediary end ring having multiple rotor slots;
a centrifugally cast first copper end ring that electrically and mechanically couples each of the plurality of copper bars proximate the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
an interior face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring having a plurality of recesses to couple with the plurality of copper bars;
an exterior face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring having an entirely solid surface;
an exterior surface of the first intermediary end ring directly contacts the interior face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring;
an inner circumferential face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring having a plurality of cooling fins distributed about the inner circumferential face, each of the plurality of cooling fins extending radially toward the central axial bore;
a centrifugally cast second copper end ring that electrically and mechanically couples each of the plurality of copper bars proximate the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
an interior face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring having a plurality of recesses to couple with the plurality of copper bars;
an exterior face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring having an entirely solid surface;
an exterior surface of the second intermediary end ring directly contacts the interior face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring;
an inner circumferential face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring having a plurality of cooling fins distributed about the inner circumferential face, each of the plurality of cooling fins extending radially toward the central axial bore; and
each of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring and the centrifugally cast second copper end ring centrifugally casted with the plurality of copper bars inserted into the plurality of rotor slots, the plurality of copper bars inserted into the multiple rotor slots of the first intermediary end ring, and the plurality of copper bars inserted into the multiple rotor slots of the second intermediary end ring.
2. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
the centrifugally cast first copper end ring and the centrifugally cast second copper end ring comprising the plurality of cooling fins, each of the plurality of cooling fins having a rectangular shape with rounded edges.
3. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
the first intermediary end ring and the second intermediary end ring fabricated from at least one of stainless steel or electric steel.
4. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
each of the first intermediary end ring and the second intermediary end ring has a thickness ranging from 1 mm to 5 mm.
5. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
the rotor lamination stack has a height ranging from 100 mm to 155 mm.
6. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
each of the plurality of lamination discs has an outer diameter ranging from 132 mm to 155 mm.
7. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
the rotor lamination stack has a central axial bore diameter ranging from 40 mm to 50 mm.
8. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
each of the plurality of rotor slots has a slot height ranging from 18 mm to 22 mm.
9. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
each of the plurality of rotor slots has a tapered shape with a first end slot width ranging from 1 mm to 2.5 mm and a second end slot width ranging from 2 mm to 5 mm.
10. The rotor assembly of claim 1 , comprising:
each of the plurality of copper bars is fabricated from oxygen-free electrolytic copper.
11. An electric vehicle, comprising:
an induction motor to drive an electric vehicle, comprising:
a motor shaft;
a stator assembly;
a rotor assembly, comprising:
a rotor lamination stack having a cylindrical shape that defines a central axis, the rotor lamination stack terminates in a first end surface and a second end surface,
a central axial bore extends from the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack to the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
the rotor lamination stack has a plurality of lamination discs, each of the plurality of lamination discs having a plurality of rotor slots;
a plurality of copper bars disposed within the plurality of rotor slots, each of the plurality of copper bars extends beyond the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack and beyond the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
a first intermediary end ring disposed at the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack, the first intermediary end ring having multiple rotor slots;
a second intermediary end ring disposed at the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack, the second intermediary end ring having multiple rotor slots;
a centrifugally cast first copper end ring that electrically and mechanically couples each of the plurality of copper bars proximate the first end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
an interior face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring having a plurality of recesses to couple with the plurality of copper bars;
an exterior face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring having an entirely solid surface;
an exterior surface of the first intermediary end ring directly contacts the interior face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring;
an inner circumferential face of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring having a plurality of cooling fins distributed about the inner circumferential face, each of the plurality of cooling fins extending radially toward the central axial bore;
a centrifugally cast second copper end ring that electrically and mechanically couples each of the plurality of copper bars proximate the second end surface of the rotor lamination stack;
an interior face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring having a plurality of recesses to couple with the plurality of copper bars;
an exterior face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring having an entirely solid surface;
an exterior surface of the second intermediary end ring directly contacts the interior face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring;
an inner circumferential face of the centrifugally cast second copper end ring having a plurality of cooling fins distributed about the inner circumferential face, each of the plurality of cooling fins extending radially toward the central axial bore; and
each of the centrifugally cast first copper end ring and the centrifugally cast second copper end ring centrifugally casted with the plurality of copper bars inserted into the plurality of rotor slots, the plurality of copper bars inserted into the multiple rotor slots of the first intermediary end ring, and the plurality of copper bars inserted into the multiple rotor slots of the second intermediary end ring.