Force-detecting input structure
An input mechanism, such as a crown, detects amounts of applied force. In various examples, an assembly including an input mechanism has an enclosure; a stem coupled to the enclosure such that the stem is rotatable, translatable, and transversely moveable with respect to the enclosure; a sensor, coupled between the stem and the housing, to which force is transferred when the stem moves with respect to the housing; and a processing unit coupled to the sensor. The processing unit is operable to determine a measurement of the force, based on a signal from the sensor.
1. An electronic watch comprising:
a housing defining an opening;
a touch display configured to display a graphical output and positioned at least partially within the opening of the housing;
a crown coupled to the housing and comprising:
a cap that is configured to receive a force input; and
a shaft coupled to the cap;
a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to produce an electrical signal in response to the force input; and
a processing unit positioned within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:
detect a change in the electrical signal; and
in response to the change in the electrical signal exceeding a threshold, modify the graphical output of the touch display.
2. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein modifying the graphical output comprises selecting an icon displayed on the touch display.
3. The electronic watch of claim 2 , wherein:
the threshold is a first threshold; and
in response to the change in the electrical signal exceeding a second threshold, the processing unit is configured to execute an application associated with the icon.
4. The electronic watch of claim 3 , wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
5. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein the force sensor is configured to detect the change in the electrical signal in response to the force input being applied along an axial direction that is substantially parallel with an axis of the shaft.
6. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein the force sensor is configured to estimate a direction in which the force input is applied.
7. An electronic watch comprising:
a housing;
a display positioned at least partially within the housing and configured to display a graphical output;
a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a force input;
a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to produce an electrical signal in response to the force input; and
a processing unit positioned within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:
detect a change in the electrical signal; and
in response to the change in the electrical signal exceeding a threshold, modify the graphical output of the display.
8. The electronic watch of claim 7 , wherein:
the crown includes a shaft that extends into an opening defined by the housing; and
the crown is configured to rotate an axis of the shaft in response to a rotational input.
9. The electronic watch of claim 8 , wherein:
the graphical output of the display is responsive to the rotational input and the force input.
10. The electronic watch of claim 7 , wherein:
the force sensor comprises a first conductor and a second conductor that are separated by a dielectric; and
the dielectric comprises a compliant material that deforms in response to the force input resulting in the first conductor and the second conductor moving closer together.
11. The electronic watch of claim 10 , wherein the electrical signal corresponds to a capacitance between the first conductor and the second conductor.
12. The electronic watch of claim 7 , wherein:
the force sensor comprises a strain gauge;
the strain gauge is configured to deform in response to the force input; and
the electrical signal is a voltage.
13. The electronic watch of claim 7 , wherein:
the force sensor comprises a piezoelectric material that deforms in response to the force input; and
the electrical signal is one or more of: a voltage or an electrical charge.
14. An electronic watch comprising:
a housing defining an opening;
a display at least partially surrounded by the housing and configured to display a graphical output;
a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a force input;
a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to produce an electrical signal in response to the force input; and
a processing unit positioned within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:
detect a change in the electrical signal; and
in response to the change in the electrical signal, modify the graphical output of the display.
15. The electronic watch of claim 14 , further comprising:
an optical sensor that is operative to detect a rotational movement of the crown; and
a translational sensor that is operative to detect a translational movement of the crown.
16. The electronic watch of claim 15 , wherein:
the translational movement is in a first direction; and
the force input is applied in a second direction that is transverse to the first direction.
17. The electronic watch of claim 14 , wherein:
the force sensor includes a first conductor separated from a second conductor; and
the change in the electrical signal corresponds to a change in capacitance between the first conductor and the second conductor in response to the force input.
18. The electronic watch of claim 14 , wherein the graphical output is continuously varied in accordance with the change in the electrical signal.
19. The electronic watch of claim 14 , wherein:
the display is a touch-sensitive display that is configured to receive a touch input;
the crown is configured to rotate in response to a rotational input; and
the graphical output is responsive to the touch input and the rotational input.
20. The electronic watch of claim 19 , wherein the electronic watch is configured to estimate a direction in which the force input is applied.