METHODS OF HANDLING PERSIMMONS
Provided is a method of storing persimmons comprising the step of exposing persimmons to an atmosphere that contains a cyclopropene compound, wherein either (a) the persimmons are in a modified-atmosphere package during exposure to the cyclopropene compound, or (b) the persimmons are placed into a modified-atmosphere package after exposure to the cyclopropene compound, and the persimmons remain in the modified atmosphere package for at least two hours. In some embodiments, the modified-atmosphere package is constructed so that the transmission rate of oxygen for the entire package is from 200 to 40,000 cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of persimmons.
1 . A method of increasing shelf life of persimmons, said method comprising the steps of
i) exposing the persimmons to a first atmosphere that that consists essentially of a cyclopropene compound, wherein either:
(a) the persimmons are located within a modified-atmosphere package during exposure to the cyclopropene compound, or
(b) the persimmons are placed into a modified-atmosphere package within four hours after exposure to the cyclopropene compound,
wherein the persimmons remain in the modified atmosphere package for at least two hours after exposure to the cyclopropene compound,
wherein the modified-atmosphere package has a transmission rate of oxygen for the entire package that is from 200 to 40,000 cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of persimmons and the cyclopropene compound during the exposure is at a concentration between 10 ppb and 5 ppm,
wherein the modified-atmosphere package allows exchange of at least one gas with a second atmosphere that is outside the modified-atmosphere package and in contact with the modified-atmosphere package; and
ii) thereafter placing the persimmons at room temperature,
wherein the method results in an increased shelf life of the persimmons at room temperature, wherein the increased shelf life comprises retention of pulp firmness of the persimmons observed within 10 days of placing the persimmons at room temperature.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the persimmons are located within a modified-atmosphere package during exposure to the cyclopropene compound.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the persimmons are placed into a modified-atmosphere package within four hours after exposure to the cyclopropene compound.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the persimmons are placed into a modified-atmosphere package within two hours after exposure to the cyclopropene compound.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the persimmons remain in the modified atmosphere package after the exposure for at least ten hours.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclopropene compound is in a formulation with a molecular encapsulating agent.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclopropene compound is of the formula:
wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, phenyl, or naphthyl group; wherein the substituents are independently halogen, alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein R is methyl.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclopropene compound of the formula:
wherein R′ is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, phenyl, or naphthyl group; and R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are hydrogen.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the cyclopropene comprises 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP).
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified-atmosphere package has a thickness of 50 micrometers or less.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the shelf life of the stored persimmons after the exposure is at least thirty days.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the persimmons are placed in the modified-atmosphere package within two hours after harvest.
14 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the molecular encapsulating agent comprises alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin, or combinations thereof.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the molecular encapsulating agent comprises alpha-cyclodextrin.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the shelf life of the stored persimmons after the exposure is at least forty days.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the firmness of the stored persimmons after the exposure is at least sixteen lbfs after day one.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the firmness of the stored persimmons after the exposure is at least fourteen lbfs after day seven.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the increased shelf life comprises retention of pulp firmness of the persimmons observed within 6 days of placing the persimmons at room temperature.
20 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the increased shelf life comprises retention of pulp firmness of the persimmons observed within 4 days of placing the persimmons at room temperature.