High densitiy clear brine fluids
Compounds are identified that act as crystallization suppressants when added to clear brine fluids, significantly lowering the true crystallization temperatures of the brines, and allowing for higher salt content in clear brine fluids. The crystallization suppressants of the invention also allow for the preparation of higher density zinc free brines.
1. A method for lowering the true crystallization temperature of a clear brine fluid comprising a halide salt and water and having a density of at least 10 ppg, which method comprises adding from 2 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the halide salt and water, of a 1,3 dicarbonyl compound having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the halide salt is a chloride or bromide salt of sodium, potassium or calcium, and the clear brine fluid comprises less than 1 ppm of zinc or cesium.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is a diamide having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
4. The method according to claim 2 wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is a diamide having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the clear brine fluid has a density of at least 12 ppg.
6. The method according to claim 2 wherein the clear brine fluid has a density of at least 12 ppg.
7. A clear brine fluid having a density of at least 10 ppg, comprising water, a halide salt and from 2 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the water and halide salt, of a 1,3 dicarbonyl compound having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
8. The clear brine fluid according to claim 7 wherein the halide salt comprises a chloride or bromide salt of sodium, potassium or calcium, and the clear brine fluid comprises less than 1 ppm of zinc or cesium.
9. The clear brine fluid according to claim 7 wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is a diamide having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
10. The clear brine fluid according to claim 8 wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is a diamide having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
11. The clear brine fluid according to claim 7 further comprising one or more compounds selected from the groups consisting of aldoses or ketoses having at least 4 carbon atoms, alditols having at least 3 carbon atoms, and 1,3 dicarbonyl compounds having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
12. The clear brine fluid according to claim 7 wherein the clear brine fluid has a density of at least 12 ppg.
13. The clear brine fluid according to claim 8 wherein the clear brine fluid has a density of at least 12 ppg.
14. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is malonamide.
15. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is malonamide.
16. The clear brine fluid according to claim 9 , wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is malonamide.
17. The clear brine fluid according to claim 10 , wherein the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound is malonamide.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein from 5 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the halide salt and water, of the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms is added to the clear brine fluid.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein from 8 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the halide salt and water, of the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms is added to the clear brine fluid.
20. The clear brine fluid according to claim 7 comprising from 5 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the water and halide salt, of the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
21. The clear brine fluid according to claim 7 comprising from 8 to 20 wt %, based on the combined weight of the water and halide salt, of the 1,3 dicarbonyl compound having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms.