Gaskets with a non-compressible core and one or more compressible layers
According to some embodiments, a multi-layer gasket with a non-compressible core, formed of any material that is relatively rigid and incompressible and can serve as a carrier for a gasket, and compressible layers, formed of any flowable or compressible sealing material with appropriate rheology for a particular sealing application, in the form of edge or surface coatings, is presented.
1. A gasket for forming a seal between a first mating surface and a second mating surface, comprising:
a non-compressible substrate with a first surface, a second surface, and a central opening;
a first compressible layer configured to cover the entire first surface and to contact the first mating surface in a surface-to-surface abutting relationship; and
a second compressible layer configured to cover the entire second surface and to contact the second mating surface in a surface-to-surface abutting relationship, wherein
at least one of the first compressible layer and second compressible layer is conformed to fill at least one defect in at least one of the first mating surface and the second mating surface upon compression of the gasket;
the non-compressible substrate is a non-compressible gridded core having ribs forming spaces therebetween;
the ribs are of a varied height;
at least one bolt hole defining a high-pressure location surrounding the bolt hole;
a gasket midpoint defined by a location other than the bolt hole area; and
the ribs are of a greater height proximate the gasket midpoint and a lesser height proximate the bolt hole.
2. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first compressible layer and the second compressible layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of thermoset elastomers and thermoplastic elastomers.
3. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein the non-compressible substrate is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of metals, thermoset plastic materials, and thermoset composite materials.
4. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first compressible layer and the second compressible layer has a larger surface area than that of the non-compressible substrate.
5. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein the ribs are configured in a grid arrangement.
6. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first compressible layer and the second compressible layer at least partially fills at least some of the spaces of the non-compressible gridded core upon compression of the gasket.
7. A method of sealing a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the method comprising:
providing a gasket having
a non-compressible substrate with a first surface, a second surface, and a central opening,
a first compressible layer conformed to sealingly engage with the first mating surface and configured to cover the entire first surface and to contact the first mating surface in a surface-to-surface abutting relationship, and
a second compressible layer conformed to sealingly engage with the second mating surface and configured to cover the entire second surface and to contact the second mating surface in a surface-to-surface abutting relationship, wherein
at least one of the first compressible layer and second compressible layer is conformed to fill at least one defect in at least one of the first mating surface and the second mating surface upon compression of the gasket;
the non-compressible substrate is a non-compressible gridded core having ribs forming spaces therebetween;
the ribs are of a varied height,
at least one bolt hole defining a high-pressure location surrounding the bolt hole;
a gasket midpoint defined by a location other than the bolt hole area; and
the ribs are of a greater height proximate the gasket midpoint and a lesser height proximate the bolt hole;
positioning the gasket between the first mating surface and the second mating surface;
compressing the gasket;
conforming at least one of the first compressible layer and the second compressible layer to distribute compression forces evenly across the surface area of the gasket; and
uniformly sealing the first compressible layer and the first mating surface and the second compressible layer and the second mating surface.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
filling at least one defect in at least one of the first mating surface and the second mating surface with at least one of the first compressible layer and the second compressible layer.
9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
partially filling at least some of the spaces with at least a portion of at least one of the first compressible layer and the second compressible layer.
10. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
contacting the first compressible layer with the second compressible layer in the spaces between the ribs of the non-compressible gridded core.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the non-compressible substrate includes an edge coating on a surrounding edge of a central opening that extends above and below the plane of the non-compressible substrate, and further comprising:
creating a uniformly pressurized seal between the edge coating and the first mating surface and between the edge coating and the second mating surface.