Pressure control for gate-valve and hot-tap drilling systems
A gate-valve and/or hot-tap drilling system uses a secondary pack-off or sealing element which can be engaged when the primary sealing element develops a leak. Generally, the secondary sealing element is configured to have an engaged position in which a fluid tight seal is formed such that the secondary sealing element engages the bore wall in a pressure-containing housing and drill rod extending through the bore defined by the bore wall. The fluid tight seal prevents fluid flow in the annulus, if the primary seal develops a leak. When the primary seal is working normally—no fluid leak—the secondary sealing element is in a disengaged position where a fluid tight seal is not formed with the bore wall and drill rod.
1. A drilling system for use in gate-valve drilling, hot-tap drilling or both, the drilling system comprising:
a pressure-containing housing having a bore wall defining a bore;
a drill rod extending through the bore so as to define an annulus between the drill rod and the bore wall;
a primary sealing element configured to engage the bore wall and drill rod in a fluid tight seal so as to prevent fluid flow through the annulus;
a secondary sealing element configured to have an engaged position in which a fluid tight seal is formed such that the secondary sealing element engages the bore wall and drill rod so as to prevent fluid flow in the annulus and a disengaged position where a fluid tight seal is not formed with the bore wall and drill rod; and
a piston sleeve positioned in the bore and surrounding the drill rod, wherein the piston sleeve is configured to move longitudinally along the bore from a first position to a second position, and wherein in the second position, the piston sleeve engages with the secondary sealing element so as to place the secondary sealing element in the engaged position, and wherein in the first position, the piston sleeve allows the secondary sealing element to be in the disengaged position, and wherein the piston sleeve is held in the first position by a first fluid pressure on a first portion of the piston sleeve.
2. The drilling system of claim 1 , wherein the housing has a first end configured to be connected to a workpiece on which drilling is being performed, and a second end configured to attach to a drilling machine such that the drill rod of the drilling machine extends through the bore.
3. The drilling system of claim 1 , wherein the secondary sealing element is an elastic element, which under longitudinal pressure, longitudinally compresses and radially expands, and when the longitudinal pressure is removed, longitudinally decompresses and radially contracts.
4. The drilling system of claim 3 , wherein in the first position, the piston sleeve applies pressure to the secondary sealing element sufficient to longitudinally compress and radially expand the secondary sealing element thus placing the secondary sealing element into the engaged position, and in the second position, the piston sleeve allows the secondary sealing element to be in the disengaged position.
5. The drilling system of claim 4 , wherein the piston sleeve is moved from the first position to the second position by reducing the first fluid pressure on the first portion and by increasing a second fluid pressure on a second portion of the piston sleeve.
6. The drilling system of claim 5 , wherein the housing further comprises a first port and a second port, and wherein the first port is configured to allow fluid flow to the first portion of the piston sleeve so as to allow the first fluid pressure to be increased and decreased, and the second port is configured to allow fluid flow to the second portion of the piston sleeve so as to allow the second fluid pressure to be increased and decreased.
7. The drilling system of claim 6 , wherein the housing has a first end configured to be connected to a workpiece on which drilling is being performed, and a second end configured to attach to a drilling machine such that the drill rod of the drilling machine extends through the bore.
8. A method of drilling, the method comprising;
commencing drilling with a drilling system on a workpiece, wherein the workpiece contains a fluid at an elevated pressure that is higher than atmospheric pressure, the drilling system comprising:
a pressure-containing housing having a bore wall defining a bore;
a drill rod extending through the bore so as to define an annulus between the drill rod and the bore wall;
a primary sealing element configured to engage the bore wall and drill rod in a fluid tight seal so as to prevent the fluid from flowing through the annulus;
a secondary sealing element configured to have an engaged position in which a fluid tight seal is formed such that the secondary sealing element engages the bore wall and drill rod so as to prevent the fluid from flowing in the annulus and a disengaged position where a fluid tight seal is not formed with the bore wall and drill rod, and wherein drilling is commenced with the secondary sealing element in the disengaged position;
monitoring the primary sealing element to determine if the primary sealing element is leaking so as to allow fluid flow through the annulus; and
moving the secondary sealing element to the engaged position when the monitoring determines that the primary sealing element is leaking.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising, prior to commencing drilling, connecting a first end of the housing to the workpiece on which drilling is being performed and connecting a second end to a drilling machine such that the drill rod of the drilling machine extends through the bore.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the drilling system further comprises a piston sleeve positioned in the bore and surrounding the drill rod, wherein the piston sleeve is configured to move longitudinally along the bore from a first position to a second position, and wherein in the second position, the piston sleeve engages with the secondary sealing element so as to place the secondary sealing element in the engaged position, wherein in the first position, the piston sleeve allows the secondary sealing element to be in the disengaged position, and wherein the step of moving the secondary sealing element to the engaged position comprises moving the piston sleeve from the first position to the second position.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the secondary sealing element is an elastic element, which under longitudinal pressure, longitudinally compresses and radially expands, and when the longitudinal pressure is removed, longitudinally decompresses and radially contracts.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein in the first position, the piston sleeve applies pressure to the secondary sealing element sufficient to longitudinally compress and radially expand the secondary sealing element thus placing the secondary sealing element into the engaged position, and in the second position, the piston sleeve allows the secondary sealing element to be in the disengaged position.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of moving the secondary sealing element to the engaged position further comprises:
decreasing a first pressure on a first portion of the piston sleeve and increasing a second pressure on a second portion of the piston sleeve so as to move the piston sleeve from the first position to the second position.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the housing further comprises a first port and a second port, and wherein the decreasing to the first pressure is by fluid flow from the first portion of the piston sleeve through the first port, and the increasing of the second pressure is by fluid flow through the first port to the second portion.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising, prior to commencing drilling, connecting a first end of the housing to a workpiece on which hot-tap drilling is being performed and connecting a second end to a drilling machine such that the drill rod of the drilling machine extends through the bore.