Controlled timing of actuated plug element and method
A ball for sealing a plug in a well, the ball including a body; an actuation mechanism located in the body and configured to break the body into parts; and a ball sensor located on the body and configured to activate the actuation mechanism. The ball sensor is configured to measure a parameter that is generated by a tool sensor, which is located on a downhole tool.
1. A ball for sealing a plug in a well, the ball comprising:
a body;
an actuation mechanism located in the body and configured to break the body into parts; and
a ball sensor located on the body and configured to activate the actuation mechanism,
wherein the ball sensor is configured to receive a predetermined code from a tool sensor, which is located on a downhole tool, next to the body, and
wherein the downhole tool extends from a surface of the well.
2. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the ball sensor is a pressure sensor.
3. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the ball sensor is a radio-frequency receiver.
4. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the ball sensor is an optical sensor.
5. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the ball sensor is an acoustic sensor.
6. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the ball sensor is a pH sensor.
7. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the downhole tool is a coiled tubing.
8. The ball of claim 1 , further comprising:
an energetic material located inside the body and configured to break the body into parts.
9. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the ball is in contact with a frac plug.
10. The ball of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined code is an electromagnetic field.
11. A system for sealing a stage in a well, the system comprising:
a frac plug located inside the well and having a through port;
a ball seated at an upstream end of the through port and sealing the frac plug;
a first actuation mechanism located in a body of the ball and configured to break the body into parts; and
a downhole tool located outside of the ball and configured to actuate the first actuation mechanism with a predetermined code,
wherein the downhole tool extends from a surface of the well.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the ball includes a ball sensor and the downhole tool includes a tool sensor.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the tool sensor triggers the ball sensor.
14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the first actuation mechanism is actuated by a signal from the ball sensor, after the ball sensor has received a command from the tool sensor.
15. The system of claim 12 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is a radio-frequency sensor.
16. The system of claim 12 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is a pressure sensor.
17. The system of claim 12 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is an optical sensor.
18. The system of claim 12 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is an acoustic sensor.
19. The system of claim 11 , wherein the frac plug comprises a second actuation mechanism configured to break a body of the frac plug into pieces.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the frac plug comprises a frac sensor configured to communicate with the tool sensor.
21. The system of claim 20 , wherein the frac sensor is configured to actuate the second actuation mechanism.
22. The system of claim 11 , wherein the downhole tool is a coiled tubing.
23. A method for actuating a ball and/or plug located in a well, the method comprising:
lowering within the well a downhole tool having a tool sensor, until adjacent to the ball or the plug, wherein the tool sensor is outside the ball and wherein the downhole tool extends from a surface of the well;
actuating the tool sensor of the downhole tool;
sending a signal from the tool sensor to a corresponding sensor that is located on the ball or on the plug;
in response to the signal, actuating an actuation mechanism of the ball or the plug; and
breaking the ball or the plug into parts.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the ball includes a ball sensor and the plug includes a plug sensor.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the ball includes a first actuation mechanism and the plug includes a second actuation mechanism.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the first actuation mechanism is configured to be actuated by a signal from the ball sensor.
27. The method of claim 24 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is a radio-frequency sensor.
28. The method of claim 24 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is a pressure sensor.
29. The method of claim 24 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is an optical sensor.
30. The method of claim 24 , wherein each of the ball sensor and the tool sensor is an acoustic sensor.
31. The method of claim 24 , wherein the frac sensor is configured to actuate the second actuation mechanism.
32. The method of claim 23 , wherein the downhole tool is a coiled tubing.
33. A ball for sealing a plug in a well, the ball comprising:
a body;
an actuation mechanism located inside the body and configured to break the body into parts; and
a sensor connected to the actuation mechanism and configured to detect, during a flowback stage, a presence of a base located outside the body,
wherein the base is mounted on another plug, which is located upstream the plug and the body.
34. The ball of claim 33 , wherein the presence of the base actuates an energetic material of the actuation mechanism.