Activatable interleukin-2 polypeptides
The disclosure features fusion proteins that are conditionally active variants of IL-2. In one aspect, the full-length polypeptides of the invention have reduced or minimal cytokine-receptor activating activity even though they contain a functional cytokine polypeptide. Upon activation, e.g., by cleavage of a linker that joins a blocking moiety, e.g., a steric blocking polypeptide, in sequence to the active cytokine, the cytokine can bind its receptor and effect signaling.
1. A fusion polypeptide of the formula:
[A]-[L1]-[B]-[L2]-[D] or [A]-[L1]-[D]-[L2]-[B] or [D]-[L2]-[B]-[L1]-[A] or [B]-[L2]-[D]-[L1]-[A] or [D]-[L1]-[B]-[L1]-[A] or [B]-[L1]-[D]-[L1]-[A] or [B]-[L1]-[A]-[L1]-[D] or [D]-[L1]-[A]-[L1]-[B], wherein,
A is an interleukin 2 (IL-2) polypeptide;
B is a half-life extension element, wherein the half-life extension element is human serum albumin or an antigen-binding polypeptide that binds human serum albumin;
L1 is a protease-cleavable polypeptide linker that comprises at least one sequence that is cleavable by a protease, L2 is a polypeptide linker that is optionally protease-cleavable, and when protease-cleavable L2 comprises at least one sequence that is cleavable by a protease, wherein for each of L1 and L2, independently, the protease is selected from the group consisting of a kallikrein, thrombin, chymase, carboxypeptidase A, an elastase, PR-3, granzyme M, a calpain, a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), a fibroblast activation protein (FAP), an ADAM metalloproteinase, a plasminogen activator, a cathepsin, a caspase, a tryptase, and a tumor cell surface protease; and
D is an IL-2 blocking moiety, wherein the blocking moiety is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment of an antibody that binds the IL-2 polypeptide;
wherein the fusion polypeptide has attenuated IL-2-receptor activating activity, wherein the IL-2-receptor activating activity of the fusion polypeptide is at least about 10 fold less than the IL-2-receptor activating activity of the polypeptide that comprises the IL-2 polypeptide that is produced by cleavage of the protease-cleavable polypeptide linker L1 or, when L2 is protease-cleavable, by cleavage of both L1 and L2, and wherein the IL-2-receptor activating activity is assessed using a CTLL-2 proliferation assay, a phospho STAT ELISA, or HEK Blue reporter cell assay with equal amounts on a mole basis of the IL-2 polypeptide and the fusion polypeptide.
2. The fusion polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the antibody fragment that binds the IL-2 polypeptide is a single domain antibody, Fab or scFv.
3. The fusion polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein L2 is a protease-cleavable polypeptide linker.
4. The fusion polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein L1 or L2 or both L1 and L2 are each cleaved by two or more different proteases.
5. The fusion polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the IL-2 blocking moiety inhibits activation of the IL-2 receptor by the fusion polypeptide.
6. The fusion polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the cathepsin is cathepsin B, cathepsin C, cathepsin D, cathepsin E, cathepsin K, cathepsin L, or cathepsin G.
7. The fusion polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the matrix metalloprotease (MMP) is MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP8, MMP9, MMP10, MMP11, MMP12, MMP13, or MMP14.
8. A nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide of claim 1 .
9. An isolated vector comprising the nucleic acid of claim 8 .
10. An isolated host cell comprising the vector of claim 9 .
11. A method of making a pharmaceutical composition, comprising culturing the isolated host cell of claim 10 under suitable conditions for expression and collection of the fusion polypeptide.